Miss O’Boyle Mrs Chowdhury PHONICS IN kS1 Miss O’Boyle Mrs Chowdhury

What is phonics? It's all about sounds. There are 44 sounds in the English language, which we put together to form words. Some are represented by one letter, like 't', and some by two or more, like 'ck' in duck and 'air' in chair. Children are taught the sounds first, then how to match them to letters, and finally how to use the letter sounds for reading and spelling. Synthetic phonics refers to 'synthesising', or blending, the sounds to read words. It's based on the idea that children should sound out unknown words and not rely on their context.

Enunciation Teaching phonics requires a technical skill in enunciation. Phonemes should be articulated clearly and precisely. Video clip

In school, we follow the Letters and Sounds programme In school, we follow the Letters and Sounds programme. Letters and Sounds is a phonics resource published by the Department for Education and Skills which consists of six phases

Technical terms Phoneme: Grapheme: Consonant cluster Consonant diagraph Vowel diagraph Split Vowel diagraph

Technical terms Phoneme: The smallest unit of sound in a word. Grapheme: Letter(s) representing the phoneme: t, ai Consonant cluster: Two or three phonemes blended together in speech. You hear each sound separately and there is a letter to represent each sound (scr, bl, -mp) Consonant diagraph: Two consonants making one phoneme. We can no separate them: we do not hear them individually (-ck, -ss, sh, ch-) Vowel diagraph: Two letters (one of which is vowel) making one vowel sound. (ai, ee, ow) Split Vowel diagraph: Two letters making the same sounds even though they are forced apart. (tale, flute)

Phase 2 Set 1: s, a, t, p Set 2: i, n, m, d Set 3: g, o, c, k Set 4: ck, e, u, r Set 5: h, b, f, ff, l, ll, ss

Phase 3 Set 6: j, v, w, x Set 7: y, z, zz, qu Consonant digraphs: ch, sh, th, ng Vowel digraphs: ai, ee, igh, oa, oo, ar, or, ur, ow, oi, ear, air, ure, er

Phase 4 This phase consolidates all the children have learnt in the previous phases.

Phase 5 Children will be taught new graphemes and alternative pronunciations for these graphemes. Vowel digraphs: wh, ph, ay, ou, ie, ea, oy, ir, ue, aw, ew, oe, au Split digraphs: a_e, e_e, i_e, o_e, u_e

Blending – recognising the letter sounds in a written word for example c-u-p, and merging the letters together to make one sound.

Breaking down words for spelling - blending cat c a t

Queen qu ee n

CVC – words – Can you spot the words which are not cvc words? Pig Ship Boy Fill Song Day whizz Chick Car Cow Whip For Miss Huff

As we move forward through the phonic phases the same sound can be represented in more than one way. For example the ‘ur’ sounds can be found in these words: Burn First Term Heard Work So we need to teach the children to make the correct grapheme choices.

Grapheme choices smay smai stroyn stroin clou clow froat frowt cryt cright glayn glain groy groi

What does a phonics lesson look like in school. Revisit/review Flashcards to practice phonemes learnt so far. Teach Teach new phoneme air Practice Buried treasure Air, zair, fair, hair, lair, pair, vair, sair, thair Apply Read captions: The goat had a long beard. The quack was right in his ear.

Year 1 phonics screening check

Phonics screening Check The Phonics Screening Check is meant to show how well your child can use the phonics skills they’ve learned up to the end of Year 1, and to identify students who need extra phonics help. The checks consist of 40 words and non-words that your child will be asked to read one-on-one with a teacher. Non-words (or nonsense words, or pseudo words) are a collection of letters that will follow phonics rules your child has been taught, but don’t mean anything – your child will need to read these with the correct sounds to show that they understand the phonics rules behind them. The 40 words and non-words are divided into two sections – one with simple word structures of three or four letters, and one with more complex word structures of five or six letters. The teacher administering the check with your child will give them a few practice words to read first – including some non-words – so they understand more about what they have to do. Each of the non-words is presented with a picture of a monster / alien, as if the word were their name (and so your child doesn't think the word is a mistake because it doesn't make sense!).

The phonics journey continues… Into KS2 and throughout…. And into KS3 if necessary If children can not remember the 44 phonemes. We need to remind them and continue the journey. Lets have a go at some of the activities. If you have any questions please ask us!