The Age of Jackson Continued Indian Removal, Tariffs, National Bank, States Rights

Starter: What can you see in this painting that indicates this was a difficult journey?

Conflicts over States’ Rights Main Idea: Jackson struggled to keep the South from breaking away from the Union over the issue of Tariffs. - Disputes about States’ Rights and the power of the federal government are still important in national politics today.

President Jackson supported a policy of Indian removal. Indian Removal Act 1830 The Big Idea President Jackson supported a policy of Indian removal. Main Ideas The Indian Removal Act authorized the relocation of Native Americans to the West. Cherokee resistance to removal led to disagreement between Jackson and the Supreme Court. Other Native Americans resisted removal with force.

Native Americans Choctaw First to be sent to Indian Territory. 7.5 million acres of their land taken by Mississippi. One-fourth died on the way. Creek Resisted but were captured and forced to march to Indian Territory. Chickasaw Negotiated treaty for better supplies, but many died.

The Cherokee Fight Back The Cherokee Nation tried to win just treatment through the legal system -Chief Justice Marshall refused to rule on the first case the Cherokee brought against Georgia. ---read pg. 228----- Worcester v. Georgia

Andrew Jackson’s presidency was marked by political conflicts. The Big Idea Andrew Jackson’s presidency was marked by political conflicts. Main Ideas Regional differences grew during Jackson’s presidency. The rights of the states were debated amid arguments about a national tariff. Jackson’s attack on the Bank sparked controversy. Jackson’s policies led to the Panic of 1837.

Regional Differences grew during Jackson’s presidency…. South Economy based on agriculture Opposition to tariffs increased the cost of imported goods West Emerging economy Support for internal improvements and the sale of public lands North Economy based on manufacturing Support for tariffs

“Quick Facts”

*** In Jackson’s opinion the National Bank of the US was powerful! The Nullification Theory: Jackson’s Vice president: John C. Calhoun (South Carolina) Called the tariff of 1828 a Tariff of Abomination…..”disgusting and loathsome” tariff. -The South- as an agricultural region, dependent on cotton -Some South Carolinians began to wonder if Calhoun really cared about the needs of his state. -Calhoun devised a nullification theory: questioned the legality of applying some federal laws in sovereign states.

A tariff is a tax placed on imported goods. What is a tariff? A tariff is a tax placed on imported goods.

Tariff of Abominations In 1827, northern manufacturers had demanded a tariff on imported wool goods. Would provide protection against foreign competition. Southerners opposed a tariff Why? It would hurt their economy! What was their economy? Cotton, agriculture Congress passed a high tariff on imports before Jackson became president. -The South called it the Tariff of Abominations.

Hayne and Webster Debate States Rights The tariff question lead to a great debate: -In January 1830, visitors to the senate to Senator Robert Hayne (SC) debate Senator Daniel Webster (Mass.)…...read pg. 232 first paragraph---SC. Rebels

Jackson Attacks National Bank Jackson wages a war (personal war) on the Bank of the United States -He vetoed the bill (crisis of 1832) to recharter the Bank -Jackson opposes the Bank: the 2nd bank’s 20 year charter was not due to expire until 1836; Henry Clay and Daniel Webster wanted to introduce the renewal earlier to make it a campaign issue. ---read pg. 233: Jackson opposes the bank---

Create a Mind Map of Jackson’s Presidency: