STAAR Review Cells & Human Body

Testing Strategy 2013 STAAR The Couch’s spadefoot lives in Texas and has the characteristics listed below. Their pupils are vertical slits. Adults have mottled brown back and light-colored bellies. Their eggs and tadpoles develop quickly in the temporary ponds forming after rain. Adults live in holes they dig using special “spades” on their rear feet. Adults eat insects and spiders. The Couch’s spadefoot is adapted to a certain type of environment. Which of these resources is most likely scarce in this environment? A. Soil B. Sunlight C. Water D. Oxygen

Prokaryote vs Eukaryote Cells Prokaryote vs Eukaryote

Draw in journal and fill in using above words. Prokaryote Eukaryote Uni-cellar Ribosomes Nucleus Cytoplasm Cell Wall Small Multi-celled Large Build large bodies Bacteria Reproduce quickly Plant Draw in journal and fill in using above words. Prokaryote Eukaryote

Prokaryote Cells on head of a straight pin. Single-celled Small Reproduce quickly Ex. Bacteria

Prokaryote Cell Structure Cell Wall Cell membrane Nucleoid Cytoplasm Ribosomes Flagella

Using white boards list some items you recall about the prokaryotic cell

Prokaryote Cells nucleoid cell wall cytoplasm ribosomes flagella Small Some items you may have listed nucleoid cell wall cytoplasm ribosomes flagella E Coli streptococcus Small Single celled Bacteria Reproduce quickly Salmonella

Eukaryote Cells Large Multi-celled More complicated Nerve Multi-celled Tissue More complicated Blood Ex. Plant, Animal, Fungi

Eukaryote Cell Structure

Using white boards list some items you recall about the eukaryotic cell

Eukaryote Cells nucleus Some items you may have listed cell wall Bone nucleus cell wall cytoplasm ribosomes chloroplast Muscle Large Multi-celled Plant, Animal, Fungi Complex Cartlidge

Now what do you recall. Update your first drawing in journal Uni-cellar Ribosomes Nucleus Cytoplasm Cell Wall Small Multi-celled Large Build large bodies Bacteria Reproduce quickly Plant Now what do you recall. Update your first drawing in journal Prokaryote Eukaryote

Testing Strategy 2013 STAAR Scientists studying aquatic plants notice flooding often leads to a decrease in their rate of photosynthesis. Flooding causes more sediment to be suspended in the water thereby decreasing the amount of light reaching the plants. Why does a decreased rate of photosynthesis lead to a decrease in a plant population? Less water is available for absorption. Less tissue is available for plant growth. Less energy is available for reproduction. Less soil is available for leaf development.

Testing Strategy 2013 STAAR The characteristics of a particular organism are listed below. Is multicellular Is autotrophic Has cell walls Has cell nuclei Can reproduce sexually or asexually In which kingdom should this organism be classified? Fungi B. Eubacteria C. Plantae D. Animalia

Human Body Systems

Take the cards provided and match them using the following order Row 1 = system name (alphabetized Row 2 = system picture Row 3 = key organs in system Row 4 = function of system When finished check against the next few slides. Then copy four systems in your journal to include picture.

Circulatory System Digestive Endocrine Heart Blood Blood vessels Mouth Esophagus Stomach Small intestine Large intestine Anus Pituitary gland Adrenal gland Pancreas Testes Ovaries Transport material around the body (waste, CO2 Nutrients, O2) Break down food and absorb nutrients the body needs Secretes hormones to regulate body growth and function

Excretory System Immune (Lymphatic) Integumentary Digestive Respiratory Urinary Specialized cells Tissues and organs White blood cells Lymph nodes Lymphatic vessels Spleen Thymus Skin Sweat glands Hair Nails Rids the body of waste (sweat, CO2, urine, solid waste) Protects against germs, diseases, and micro-organisms Protection, regulates body temperature, rids body of waste (sweat)

Muscular System Nervous Reproductive Muscles Tendons Brain Spinal cord Nerves Sensory organs Male: penis Testes – sperm Female: vagina Ovaries - egg Aids in movement Sends and receives messages. Controls thinking, senses, and regulates homeostasis Reproduce offspring (survival of species)

exhale carbon dioxide (CO2) Respiratory System Skeletal Urinary Nasal cavity Trachea Branchi Lungs Alveali Diaphragm Bones Ligaments Cartilage Joints Kidneys Bladder Inhale (breathe) oxygen (O2) and exhale carbon dioxide (CO2) Protect, support, aid in movement, store minerals, and produce blood cells Filter blood and balance fluid levels