WELCOME HIST 172 C History of Canadian Pentecostals

18th & 19th Century Evangelicalism

John & Charles Wesley & Methodism Arose out of Anglican Church initially Groups of men committed to a holy, disciplined lifestyle. Travelling Preachers “Methodists” Arminian in Theology One exception – George Whitefield “Calvinistic Methodist Church”

North American Evangelicals Early Settlers brought their faith with them, so we see many familiar denominations: -Catholic -Presbyterian -Lutheran -Congregational -Reformed -Baptist -Anglican -Methodist

Holiness Movement Late 18th & 19th Century

In the 1800s, we see the growth of many churches, dissatisfied with loss of fervor of churches – especially Methodism New Denominations: Salvation Army Nazarene Christian & Missionary Alliance Church of God (Anderson Indiana)

As well, many denominations arose in the US over doctrinal or differences in social issues. Two of the key issues were: Slavery Modernist/Fundamentalist Controversy (reaction to Biblical Criticism)

With the successive waves of immigration to North America, more denominations appeared on the landscape: Evangelical Free Church (Scandinavian) North American Baptist (Scandinavian) Baptist General Conference (1852) Mennonite General Conference (1860) Mennonite Brethren (1876)

1790-1840 - Second Great Awakening among American Methodists (and Canada) – Revivalism & Camp Meetings Non Methodists – Revivalist Charles Finney & Asa Mahin of Oberlin College – Baptism of the Holy Spirit “cleansed from the desire and inclination to sin” Presbyterian – William Boardman The Higher Christian Life &evangelistic revivals

Quakers – Hannah & Robert Smith - the "secret" of the Christian life—devoting one's life wholly to God and God's simultaneous transformation of one's soul– the Keswick Convention Keswick-Holiness revival (Britain) – also called “the Higher Life Movement” Higher life conferences were held at Broadlands and Oxford in 1874 and in Brighton and Keswick in 1875

James Caughey – Methodist missionary to Ontario Canada 1840s – 1864 Post Civil War (Holiness Camp Meetings 1867) a renewed emphasis – powerful & influential – people called it Pentecost 1871 – Evangelist Dwight L. Moody “endowment with power”

Many new associations – Holiness Organizations of various names Much of this happened within the Methodist church but many formed Wesleyan societies The Promise of the Father by Phoebe Palmer published in 1859 in favour of women in ministry – influenced Catherine Booth

Overseas missions emerged as a central focus Already a growing number of Missionary Societies Main line churches saw no urgent need to preach the gospel in oversees settings Holiness people saw the mission of the church and the empowering of the Holy Spirit as being one matter

Wesleyan Realignment – motion passed at conference in 1894 which passed Rule 301 – discouraging and restricting Holiness preaching and revivals More than 100,000 left the Methodist church and joined other groups in particular the Church of the Nazarene and the Wesleyan Methodist Church “come-outer” organizations

Baptism of the Holy Spirit was defined as “entire sanctification” – the believer empowered to live a fully consecrated lifestyle (sinless perfecti0n) Sanctification an instantaneous act accomplished through the exercise of faith Doctrinally stated as Sanctification as a second work of grace

When the Pentecostal outpouring began in Topeka, Kansas and Asusa Street in Los Angeles, many if not most of the Holiness people became a part of the new movement They carried with them their ideas about the Baptism of the Holy Spirit as well as many other ideas about the Christian life Terms used by Pentecostal groups were once widely used to describe Holiness organizations – Pentecostal, Apostolic

RESTORATION MOVEMENTS Reformation Evangelicalism Holiness Movement RESTORATION MOVEMENTS

FOR NEXT CLASS (November 5) Read chapters 1-3 (including the Forward, Acknowledgements & Introduction) Answer the questions in the Guide for the chapters and sections above (to be submitted for grading) Begin reading When the Spirit Came Upon Them, taking notes in preparation for writing your Book Report