Metals Glass Plastics Fibres Ceramics

THEIR MAIN CHARACTERISTICS: HARD STRONG HIGH DENSITY GOOD CONDUCTORS OF HEAT AND ELECTRICITY EXAMPLES STEEL IRON COPPER BRASS MALLEABLE DUCTILE USUALLY BURN ON HEATING HIGH MELTING POINTS LEAD

Typical properties: Flexible Low Density Easily Moulded Poor Conductors of Heat and Electricity Often Transparent Melt and often Burn on Heating Examples: PLASTICS

EXAMPLES China, Bricks, Tiles, Pots TYPICAL PROPERTIES  Hard  Brittle  Medium density  very high melting points  Non –conductors of heat and electricity  Very unreactive  Do not burn

PROPERTIES  Hard  Brittle  Medium density  Very high melting points  Non –conductors of heat and electricity  Very unreactive  Often Trasparent EXAMPLES Pyrex, Lead Crystal, Soft soda glass

TYPICAL PROPERTIES :  Flexible  Low density  May burn on heating  Long stringy strands EXAMPLES  Wool  Paper  Cotton  Rayon  Polyester

APPEARANCEShiny, ductile,malleable MELTING AND BOILING POINTUsually higher than non-metals HEAT CONDUCTIVITYGood conductors of heat SPECIFIC WEIGHTHeavier than non-metals CONDUCTORS OF ELECTRICITYGood conductors Metals are used in everyday life and half of them are used for alloys with other metals. Solidity and hardness are characteristics of metals,but mercury is liquid and both potassium and sodium are very soft. Lead is also soft and easily scratched. Most metals are heavy but lithium is the lightest of all solids. Gold,silver,platinum and mercury are known as precious materials.

APPEARANCE Non-metals are dull. They are neither ductile, nor malleable. MELTING AND BOILING POINTS Usually lower than metals, many are gases HEAT CONDUCTIVITY Poor conductors of heat SPECIFIC WEIGHT Lighter than metals CONDUCTORS OF ELECTRICITY Poor conductors

Composite materials are new types of products, made thanks to the flexibility of composite materials. Carbon fibres are very strong. They are used in many structural components ranging from propellers and rotor blades to body armour.

1) Iron is the second most abundant metal found in the earth’s crust. 2) It is the most common and useful of all metals. 3) It is silver grey, strongly magnetic, hard, malleable and ductile. 4) Iron is only found in its pure form in meteorites, so it has to be extracted from various ores. 5) The most common ones are magnetite and pyrite.

Hardened steel Hard Strong Unmalleable Mild steel Softer More malleable

Cast Iron = smelting and carbon Heavy Brittle

Zinc is a metal which cannot be found in nature as a pure metal. Its most common ores are zinc blend and calamine. The metal is used for roofing. It is also used to galvanise iron to prevent rusting. Zinc forms a large number of alloys.

1. Tin does not occur in a pure state in nature. 2. The main source is the tinstone. 3. Tin is a soft, malleable metal with a silver- white lustre. 4. Its main use is in the coating of steel to prevent rusting. 5. Tinplate is also used in the canning industry.

It Is a semiconductor. It is used in a variety of applications because it is flexible malleable waterproof Silicon has a number of uses in Solar panels Integrated circuits Microprocessors Transistors Construction Industry The automotive Industry

Nitinol is a Smart Shape Memory Alloy. Nitinol can be used for medical purposes. It can also be used for the frames in your glasses.