1. Elements Chapter 3, Section 1 p. 56 - 59 Vocabulary: element
pure substance
metal
nonmetal
metalloid
Neon gas is used to make this sign glow

2. Elements p. 55 1. A substance that cannot be separated or broken
down into simpler
substances by chemical
means.
Elements p. 55
Why is this not an element?
Elements are pure substances
in which there is only one type
of particle. Water has both
oxygen and hydrogen in it.
Each element contains only
one type of particle. The
particles of an element are
alike no matter where they are
found.
Hydrogen
Oxygen

3. Pure Substance A sample of matter, either a single element or a single
compound, that has definite
chemical and physical
properties.
Examples of pure substances
Silver
Gold
Copper

4. Properties of Elements
Each element can be identified by its unique set
of properties, called characteristic properties.
Characteristic properties do not depend on how
much of the element is present. Characteristic
properties can include physical properties such as
boiling point, melting point, density, color, texture,
and hardness. They can also include chemical
properties such as flammability and reactivity.
Melting point: 1,495°C
Density: 8.9g / cm³
Unreactive with oxygen
in the air
Melting point: 1,535°C
Density: 7.9 g / cm³
Combines slowly with oxygen
in the air to form rust
Melting point: 1,455°C
Density 8.9 g/ cm³
Unreactive with oxygen in
the air

5. Classifying Elements by Their Properties
Elements are grouped into three categories by the properties
they share. The three major categories are metals,
nonmetals, and metalloids.
3. metal – an element that is shiny and conducts heat and
electricity well – example: platinum
4. nonmetal – an element that conducts heat and electricity
poorly – example: neon
5. metalloid – an element that has properties of both metals
and nonmetals – example: boron

6. Metals
Lead
Copper
Tin
Metals are elements that are shiny and are good conductors or heat and
electric current. They are malleable (they can be hammered into thin
sheets). They are also ductile (they can be drawn into thin wires).

7. Nonmetals Nonmetals are elements that are dull (not shiny) and
Iodine
Neon
Sulfur
Nonmetals are elements that are dull (not shiny) and
that are poor conductors of heat and electric current.
Solids tend to be brittle and unmalleable. Few familiar
objects are made only of nonmetals.

8. Metalloids Metalloids are also called semiconductors. They have
Silicon
Boron
Antimony
Metalloids are also called semiconductors. They have
properties of both metals and nonmetals. Some metalloids
are shiny. some are dull. Metalloids are somewhat
malleable and ductile. Some metalloids conduct heat and
electric current as well.

9. Meet the Elements

10. Quiz Time Metals, Nonmetals or Metalloids?
1. Why is an element considered to be a pure substance?
It contains only one type of particle
2. What are three characteristics of metals?
They are shiny, conduct heat energy and conduct electric
current.
Metals, Nonmetals or Metalloids?
3. These are good conductors of electric current:
Metals and some metalloids
4. These are brittle and nonmalleable:
Nonmetals
5. These are shiny:
Metals
6. These are poor conductors of thermal energy:
Nonmetals and some metalloids