Unit 8 SEMINAR

FINAL PROJECT INFO Throughout this class you have examined social issues from various sociological models and perspectives and have learned how the social problems we face in the 21st century are made, not found. In this project you will choose one social problem to explain in depth. Part I: Begin your final paper with a discussion of the social problem you have chosen and explain why you have chosen this particular social problem.

FINAL PROJECT INFO Part II: Choose two of the three sociological perspectives discussed in your text. Discuss how these two perspectives would view the social problem you are discussing. For example, if you chose teenage pregnancy, you might summarize how the conflict theory and the interactionist perspective help explain this social problem of teenage pregnancy. Part III: Conclude your project with two ideas that can be implemented by human services professionals that would help to eliminate or at least lessen the effects of your social problem.

FINAL PROJECT INFO Your project should be between 800 and 1000 words, double spaced, not including your title and reference page. While no points will be deducted if APA formatting is incorrect, points can be deducted if there is no attempt to cite references. Project is due on Tuesday at midnight

Chapter 12 Population Growth and Urbanization

World Population Growth Figure How Fast is the World’s Population Growing?. Page 374 By the end of this seminar, the world population will have grown by approximately 9,043 people!

Elements of Demographic Change Fertility refers to the actual number of children born Mortality refers to the number of deaths that occur in a particular population Migration refers to the permanent change of residence can be immigration or emigration

Population Growth  Growth Rate=Births - Deaths + Net Migration  Zero Population Growth is when the birth rate = the death rate + net migration.  (2000 babies born, 1900 people died, 300 people left, 200 people came in)

The Demographic Transition The demographic transition is the changing patterns of birth and death rates brought about by industrialization.

Four Stages of the Demographic Transition Postindustrial Stage Low Birth Rates and Low Death Rates Industrial Stage Declining Death Rates and Declining Birth Rates Early Industrial Stage High Birth Rates and Declining Death Rates Preindustrial Stage High Birth Rates and High Death Rates

Consequences of World Population Growth Crowding Food Shortages Depletion of Resources Intergroup Conflict

Consequences of World Population Growth Has population growth had adverse consequences for people? Has it had any positive consequences for people? Whether or not the carrying capacity of the earth has been reached is still controversial, but some of the consequences of coming closer to carrying capacity can be seen.

The Growth of Cities All humans organize their lives into communities. Urbanization Today 79% of all people in the U.S. live in urban areas, whereas 200 years ago only 5% lived in urban areas. Suburbanization Economic and technological developments and government policy have led to the relatively recent development of suburbs.

Figure How Urban Is Your State? Page 381

Advantages of City Life  Urban Sentiment: Finding a Familiar World  City Divided into Little Worlds  Sense of Belonging  People Create Intimacy by Personalizing (shopping or eating in same places frequently – becoming “regulars”)  Spectator Sports Provide Venue

Problems in Cities in the U.S. Economic decline Housing Segregation Crime Educational problems

Future Prospects: Population Problems Population Problems The future of population problems will depend on the ability to control fertility. The major issues in reducing fertility are family planning, economic development, incentives and the status of women. Urban Problems Governmental programs have included urban renewal and community block grants. Private investment has focused on developing cities as better places to live, and establishing “urban free- enterprise zones.”

Discussion Considering where you grew up, what issues related to population growth did you encounter? Based on your life today, what issues related to population growth do you encounter? How can human services professionals influence the effects of population growth in the 21st century?