Landscapes in the UK NEXT OCR GCSE (9–1) GEOGRAPHY B TEACHING AND LEARNING RESOURCES Landscapes in the UK Can you explain a selection of UK landscapes? How does geology affect the landscape? Where are the major upland areas of the UK? Where are the major rivers of the UK?

Landscapes in the UK NEXT OCR GCSE (9–1) GEOGRAPHY B TEACHING AND LEARNING RESOURCES The changing landscapes of the UK The UK has some of the most diverse landscapes for any country of its size in the world. These are the results of a combination of processes, and the combination of a range of landscape elements.

Landscapes in the UK NEXT Geographers are very interested in the way that landscapes develop in distinctive ways OCR GCSE (9–1) GEOGRAPHY B TEACHING AND LEARNING RESOURCES Hint You can refer to following in your descriptions: Major upland and lowland landscapes Major river systems The impact of geology on the landscape The impact of climate on the landscape The impact of human activity on the landscape Hint You can refer to following in your descriptions: Major upland and lowland landscapes Major river systems The impact of geology on the landscape The impact of climate on the landscape The impact of human activity on the landscape Can you ‘explain’ or ‘read’ the landscapes in the five images that follow?

Landscapes in the UK NEXT Landscape 1 OCR GCSE (9–1) GEOGRAPHY B TEACHING AND LEARNING RESOURCES

Landscapes in the UK NEXT OCR GCSE (9–1) GEOGRAPHY B TEACHING AND LEARNING RESOURCES Landscape 2

Landscapes in the UK NEXT OCR GCSE (9–1) GEOGRAPHY B TEACHING AND LEARNING RESOURCES Landscape 3

Landscapes in the UK NEXT OCR GCSE (9–1) GEOGRAPHY B TEACHING AND LEARNING RESOURCES Landscape 4

Landscapes in the UK NEXT OCR GCSE (9–1) GEOGRAPHY B TEACHING AND LEARNING RESOURCES Landscape 5

Landscapes in the UK NEXT Geology of the UK Geology affects the landscape that develops above it. The UK’s geology map is very complicated, and tells the story of how the UK was formed over millions of years. Igneous and metamorphic rocks were formed when it had tectonic activity. They are more resistant to physical processes and tend to form upland areas. Lowland landscapes are formed from sedimentary rocks which are less resistant to physical processes and form lowland landscapes. OCR GCSE (9–1) GEOGRAPHY B TEACHING AND LEARNING RESOURCES

Landscapes in the UK NEXT OCR GCSE (9–1) GEOGRAPHY B TEACHING AND LEARNING RESOURCES To get a sense for the UK’s geology, use the map viewer from the British Geological Survey at: British Geological Survey map viewer Task 1What is the geology of the area where you live? 2How does this geology influence the shape of your local landscape? Task 1What is the geology of the area where you live? 2How does this geology influence the shape of your local landscape?

Landscapes in the UK NEXT Location of major upland landscapes Task 1Can you identify the 15 upland areas in the UK shown on the diagram? 2Would you describe your local area as an upland or a lowland area? Task 1Can you identify the 15 upland areas in the UK shown on the diagram? 2Would you describe your local area as an upland or a lowland area? OCR GCSE (9–1) GEOGRAPHY B TEACHING AND LEARNING RESOURCES

Landscapes in the UK NEXT Answers Location on mapName of upland Northwest Highlands Grampian Mountains Cheviot Hills Lake District Pennines Cambrian Mountains Cotswolds Chilterns North Downs South Downs Mendip Hills Exmoor Dartmoor Bodmin Moor Mourne Mountains

Landscapes in the UK NEXT Major UK river systems Rivers are common all over the UK. They flow from the upland areas on either side of the divide of the Pennines in the north of England, to either the North Sea or the Irish Sea. Further south, they flow into the Atlantic Ocean, or smaller channels such as the Bristol Channel or the English Channel. OCR GCSE (9–1) GEOGRAPHY B TEACHING AND LEARNING RESOURCES

Landscapes in the UK NEXT UK’s top 10 longest rivers OCR GCSE (9–1) GEOGRAPHY B TEACHING AND LEARNING RESOURCES RankRiverLength (km)Length (miles) 1River Severn River Thames River Trent River Great Ouse River Wye River Tay River Spey River Clyde River Tweed River Nene91148

Landscapes in the UK NEXT Location of major rivers in the UK OCR GCSE (9–1) GEOGRAPHY B TEACHING AND LEARNING RESOURCES Task Can you identify the five rivers in the UK shown on the diagram? Task Can you identify the five rivers in the UK shown on the diagram?

Landscapes in the UK NEXT Answers Location on mapName of river ABCDEABCDE River Tees River Trent River Thames River Severn River Exe

Landscapes in the UK NEXT Ordnance Survey maps One way of experiencing the landscape is to make use of Ordnance Survey maps. You will be expected to be able to use these to help you interpret landscapes, and also to use particular map skills. Maps can be obtained using a subscription service called Digimap at OCR GCSE (9–1) GEOGRAPHY B TEACHING AND LEARNING RESOURCES