Governance National and Sub-national Institutions Marshall Adams (GHANA) Mwiche Kabwe (ZAMBIA) Iris Suazo (DOMINICAN REPUBLIC) Camilo Thompson (MEXICO) Beno Ningisere (PAPUA NEW GUINEA) Joram Kagombe (KENYA) International Seminar on Climate Change and Natural Resources Mangement

OUTLINE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC GHANA KENYA ZAMBIA PAPUA NEW GUINEA MÉXICO  WHAT WE DO?  PROBLEM STATEMENT  PROBLEM TREE  KEY QUESTIONS  INSTITUTIONAL STATUS  EFFORTS TO STRENGTHEN GOVERNANCE  AREAS OF POTENTIAL PROGRESS  RECOMENDATIONS AND ACTIONS  FUTURE RESEARCH

“Climate Change is a key site of the Global Transformation of a World Order” Miller and Edwards News.vice.com

GOVERNANCE Refers to "all of processes of governing, whether undertaken by a government, market or network, whether over a family, tribe, formal or informal organization or territory and whether through the laws, norms, power or language.“ Principles Rule of law; Transparency; Accountability; Respect for rights; Participation / inclusiveness; Performance / effectiveness; Consensus seeking; Capacity; Anti-corruption; Gender equality.

1. Intensive discussions 2. Defined roles 3. Problem Tree 4. Problem statement 5. Research 5. Prepared outline 6. Results 7. Opinion and engagement of the ISCC-USFS METHODOLOGY

PROBLEM STATEMENT Weak Governance on Climate Change to Effectively Undertake Adaptation and Mitigation Actions

Weak Governance on Climate Change to Effectively Undertake Adaptation and Mitigation Actions Causes Effects  Ineffective implementation of programs and policies;  Waste of resources  Corruption  Lack of sustainability / follow up  Lack of equitable benefits distribution  Lack of compliance of international agreements  Weak policies and legislation  Lack of transparency  Inadequate capacities (human, Technologies and institutional)  Accountability  Weak Partnership  Education and awareness needs  Financial problems

KEY QUESTIONS 1.What is the status of climate change governance in our national and subnational jurisdictions? 2.Why are efforts of strengthening governance do not seem to work? 3. What do we have to do to improve governance?

NATIONSLAWS & REGULATIONSINSTITUTIONS KENYA1.National CC Strategy 2.REDD+ Strategy 3.CC Act 1.Kenya Forest Service 2.National Env. Management Authority 3.Kenya Forestry Research Institute 4.REDD+ secretariat 5.Community based groups 6.Civil society GHANA1.Preparation of CC National Action Plan 1.National Planning Comission 2.Env. Protection Agency 3.Forestry Comission 4.Ministry of Food and Agriculture PAPUA NEW GUINEA 1. C.C. Policy 2. REDD + Guideline 1. Climate Change Authority 2. PNG Forest Authority 3. Dept. Env. & Conservation STATUS ON INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS & LEGAL FRAMEWORK

STATUS ON INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS, LEGAL FRAMEWORK NATIONSLAWS & REGULATIONSINSTITUTIONS DOMINICAN REPUBLIC 1.Environment Law National Strategy for Development National Adaptation Plan 1.Ministry of Environment 2. Council of CC and CDM 3. Climate Change Dept in Ministry of Agriculture 4. Technical Comission REDD+ ZAMBIA1. Environmental Management Act National Policy on CC 3. National Climate Change Response Strategy 1.Ministry of Lands, Natural Resources and Environmental Protection 2.Interim Climate Change Secretariate 3.Zambia Environmental Management Agency MEXICO1.C.C. General Act & Sustainable Forest Law 2.C.C. National Strategy 3.National Inventary of forest and soil 4.REDD+ National Visión & Strategy 1. Ministry of Environment 2. National Institution on Ecology and CC 3. National System of CC 4. Intersecretarial Comission in CC 5. National Strategy on REDD+ 6. National Technical Comission on REDD+

BARRIERS IN GOVERNANCE Lack of Participation Gender Perspective Weak Enforcement Corruption Weak Tenure Rights Lack of Transparency Incomplete or Conflicting Laws Weak Coordination

Why efforts of strengthening governance do not seem to work? Lack of political commitment Unclear land tenure rights Activities just implemented at the national level (resources flow) Lack of clear incentives and benefit Inadequate awareness of CC among stakeholders, policy makers and community c c Inadequate experise Weak enforcement of regulations c c Absence of gender inclusion c c c c c c Inadequate Public Awareness c c c c c c

What do we have to do to improve governance? Increase level of public engagement when developing national and subnational climate change plans Assesment of gaps and synergies in existing policy and legislations as well as institutional frameworks Institutional and legal reforms Prioritize and implement capacity building Develop mechanism for benefit sharing and gender mainstreaming

Recommendations Multi Level discussion forums and committees Direct funds to NGO or other locals stakeholders directly; Technical evaluation and public participation on law and regulation reforms Involve stakeholders in planning from inception Identify key areas of capacity building an build this capacity Engage youth across networks and multisectorial programs develop documents neeed for Compliance on international commitments

Areas of future research Benefit sharing mechanisms in CC Effective institutions framework in CC Social Environmental and Safety Assessment Research on the way laws, institutions and processes in a society interact Trends in transparency and accountability, respect for rights, participation and inclusiveness, performance, effectiveness and equity and observing the rule of law

Efforts to Strengthen Governance Case study from GCF sub-national jurisdictions

SUB- NATIONAL LAWS & REGULATIONSINSTITUTIONS CHIAPAS 1.Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation Law 2.Sustainable Foresta Development Law 3.Climate Change Action Program (PACCCH) 4.REDD+ Vision 5.REDD+ Strategy 1.Ministry for Environment and History; 2.Land and Agricultural Ministry Participate 3.Planing Ministry 4.Intersecretarial Comission in CC 5.REDD+ Technical Advisory - Chiapas (CTC REDD+ CH)

R I O B R A N C O D E C L A R A T I O N. 1. Inquire the international community to partner with GCF states and provinces for sustainable development; 2. Commitment to reduce deforestation by 80% by 2020, only when funding (payment for performance) is sufficient and adequate; 3. An equitable distribution of benefits, payment based on results focused on forest management, small farmers and indigenous communities, As well the compliance of environmental and social safeguards;

OBJECTIVE Generate a continuous process of collaboration for the exchange of knowledge, skills and design policies and programs of state order and within the framework of its competence, in order to accelerate the transition to a low Emissions Rural Development in the states, including specific state contributions, to reduce deforestation and degradation, adaptation based on ecosystems and improving communities governance across saveguards implementation. In MÉXICO there is an Sub National Alliance between Environmental and land Ministries to create a Low Emission Rural Development Strategies as well as Sustainable Forest Management

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