Chapter 11 The Roman Republic Section 1 Geography and the Rise of Rome

What are the physical features of Italy?

Why were most Ancient Roman Cities built on hilltops? Most ancient cities in Italy were built on hilltops because they could defend their cities better.

Who was Aeneas?

Remus and Romulus are legendary brothers who were descendants of Aeneas, a Trojan hero. After they grew up they became angry with one another, battling until Remus was killed by Romulus. Romulus founded and named the city of Rome after himself.

Who were the Etruscans?

Rome’s Seven Hills

Rome’s 7 hills during Etruscan rule

The Early Roman Empire

The Early Roman Republic The government first created in 509 BC was called a republic. What is a republic?

What is a dictator? Who was Cincinnatus?

Who were the Plebeians?

Who were the patricians?

Summary

Section 2 Government and Society

Magistrates Who are magistrates?

Who were the consuls?

The Senate What was the senate?

Assembly What was the assembly?

Who were the Tribunes?

Roman Government

What does veto mean?

What is Latin?

What is Civic Duty?

What are Checks and Balances?

Like the United States Government, the Romans had a system of checks and balances. This system was put into place so one part of the government would not become too strong.

What was the Law of Twelve Tables?

The United States Constitution was written to protect people’s rights. The Romans created the Roman Law of the Twelve Tables to protect the rights of their citizens.

The Romans loved to be out in the city. What was the Forum?

The Forum Today The Forum in Ancient Times

Section 3 The Late Republic

What was a legion?

What is a Century?

Roman Soldier

In less than 200 years… The Roman Empire expanded to include most of the Mediterranean Region

Growth of Territory? How did Rome’s territory grow?

Farming

Trade

What were the Punic Wars?

Punic Wars

Who was Hannibal?

Hannibal was a famous leader from Carthage, Tunisia in northern Africa. He attacked Rome during the Second Punic War. He used elephants to cross the Alps to reach Rome.

Hannibal Crossing the Alps

Elephants In Battle

Trivia While fighting in Italy, Hannibal found his route blocked by the Romans. Hannibal used a clever tactic. He sent a very odd force out under the cover of night…2,000 oxen with lighted torches tied to their horns. The Romans thought they were under attack and moved from their positions clearing the way for Hannibal to march through!

Later Expansion?

Who were Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus? Bothers Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus were Tribunes. Both worked for the benefit of the poor people of Rome. Both lost their lives in doing so.

Who was Gaius Marius and Lucius Cornelius Sulla? His idea allowed poor people to join the army Gaius Marius His actions led to civil war in Rome. eventually he became a dictator Lucius Cornelius Sulla

Who was Spartacus? A former gladiator, Spartacus, led an uprising of the slaves in Rome, who were being treated very badly. He was killed in battle during the revolt. The revolt fell apart. The Romans executed 6,000 rebellious slaves.

Summary