By: Austin Sparks

Location Canada is on the continent of North America. The country stretches from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean. The Arctic Ocean is north and the United States is south. Canada is north of the 49th parallel of latitude. The 49th parallel was chosen as a border from the Great Lakes to the west coast

T HE P EOPLE -Most of the people live in the southern part of Canada. -About 77 percent of Canadians live in cities and towns. -The largest cities are Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver.(2006) Toronto million; Montreal million; Vancouver million -Saskatchewan is the fastest growing province. (December 2007) -Canada's two official languages are English and French. -More than 9 million Canadians speak French. -Ethnic groups include British Isles origin 28%, French origin 23%, other European 15%, North American Indian 2%, other, mostly Asian, African, Arab 6%, mixed background 26% -Canada is the home of over a million Aboriginal people. (2006 census) -Three Aboriginal groups : First Nations, Métis and Inuit -Eastern Canada : the Maliseet, Algonquin, Iroquois, Micmac, Huron and Ojibwa -The Plains : Blackfoot, Cree and Assiniboine -Pacific Coast : Kwakiutl, Bella Coola, and Haida -Northern regions : Dene, Tsimshian and Slavey peoples -Arctic region : the Inuit

Geography -Canada has the world's longest coastline. -There are oceans on three sides - Pacific ( west), Atlantic ( east), Arctic (north). -Nearly one-fourth of all the fresh water in the world is in Canada. -Glaciers shaped the land and created many lakes (about 2 million lakes). -The Mackenzie River ( in the N.W.T. ) is the longest river in Canada. -Ships sail inland on the St. Lawrence River (from the Atlantic Ocean to the Great Lakes). -Forests cover almost half of Canada. -Canada has one-tenth of the world's forests. -Mount Logan in the Yukon Territory is Canada's tallest peak at 5,959 meters -Canada has six main geographical regions: Appalachian Highland, Canadian Shield, Arctic, Lowlands, Interior Plains, Cordillera - Some what larger than the United States. -Second largest country in the world.

Resources -Forests, plants, animals and fish are some of Canada's renewable resources. -Renewable resources can be replaced by nature. -Canada has 10% of the world's forests. -Minerals, metal, natural gas, and oil are some of Canada's nonrenewable resources. -They cannot be replaced by nature. -Hydroelectric power is sold to the United States. -Canada is one of the largest mining nations in the world. -Over 60 minerals and metals are produced in Canada. -Canada is the third largest diamond producing nation in the world. -Canada is the world's leader in the production of potash and uranium. -There are many different types of farms in Canada: grain farms, vegetable farms, fruit orchards, livestock and dairy farms -There are 42 national parks in Canada. -The largest park in Canada is Wood Buffalo National Park, in Alberta and the Northwest Territories. It is home of the world's largest bison herd and the only nesting site of the endangered whooping crane. -The oldest National Park is Banff in Alberta. It was created in 1885 as Rocky Mountain Park.

Cultural Diversity top 20 Ethnic origins  1. Canadian 11. Dutch  2. English 12. Polish  3. French 13. South Asian  4. Scottish 14. Jewish  5. Irish 15. Norway  6. German 16. Welsh  7. Italian 17. Portuguese  8. Aboriginal Origins 18. Sweden  9.Ukrainian 19. Russian  10. Chinese 20. Hungry

 Agricultural and fishing products 25,567.7  Energy products 29,722.4  Forestry products 39,116.5  Industrial goods and materials 57,429.3  Machinery and equipment 85,985.3  Automotive products 95,493.8  Other consumer goods 13,470.7  Unallocated adjustments 6,474.8

Imports  Agricultural and fishing products 17,643.4  Energy products 10,708.7  Forestry products 2,740.8  Machinery and equipment 108,168.2  Industrial and agricultural machinery 27,768.2  Automotive products 75,916.1  Other consumer goods 36,954.2  Special transactions trade 6,325.3

Citizenship As per the Constitution Act, 1867, Canada is a constitutional monarchy, wherein the role of the reigning sovereign is both legal and practical. The Crown is regarded as a corporation, with the monarch, vested as she is with all powers of state, at the centre of a construct in which the power of the whole is shared by multiple institutions of government acting under the sovereign's authority; the Crown has thus been described as the underlying principle of Canada's institutional unity, with the executive formally called the Queen-in-Council, the legislature the Queen-in-Parliament, and the courts as the Queen on the Bench. While Royal Assent and the royal sign-manual are required to enact laws, letters patent, and Orders-in-Council, the authority for these acts stems from the Canadian populace, and, within the conventional stipulations of constitutional monarchy, the sovereign's direct participation in any of these areas of governance is limited. As the monarch – presently Queen Elizabeth I – is shared as head of state of 15 other countries in the Commonwealth of Nations, she appoints as her vice regal representative in Canada a Governor General – presently Michaelle Jean – to act in her stead; since 1947, the Governor General has been permitted to exercise almost all of the sovereign's Royal Prerogative, though some powers do remain the Queen's alone. Further, the monarch and Governor General typically follow the near-binding advice of their Ministers of the Crown in Cabinet. It is important to note, however, that the Royal Prerogative belongs to the Crown and not to any of the ministers, and the royal and vice royal figures may unilaterally use these powers in exceptional constitutional crisis situations. The Canadian monarchy is a federal one in which the Crown is unitary throughout all jurisdictions in the country, with the headship of state being a part of all equally. As such, the sovereignty of the federal and provincial regions is passed on not by the Governor General or federal parliament, but through the overreaching Crown itself. Though singular, the Crown is thus "divided" into eleven legal jurisdictions, or eleven "crowns" – one federal and ten provincial. A Lieutenant Governor serves as the Queen's representative in each province, carrying out all the monarch's constitutional and ceremonial duties of state on her behalf, not the federal government's or the Governor General's.

CONFLICT Despite being an affluent, high-tech industrial society, there are some issues, which can't be overlooked in the current scenario. As a result of globalization, Canadian enterprises are going to face even stronger competition from rivals in emerging in coming years. Despite some calls from business for a lower dollar or for government inducements to keep production in Canada, the most appropriate response is for domestic policy makers to redouble their focus on enhancing productivity growth and innovation in high and low technology sectors alike. Globalization of competition, technological advances, and changes in the demographic structure of the workforce continue are three threats to the labor markets in Canada.

 -second largest country in the world (Russian Federation is the largest)  -capital city of Canada - Ottawa (Ontario)  -leader of Canada - Prime Minister Stephen Harper  -emblem - maple leaf  -flag - red and white with a red maple leaf  -Canada's birthday is on the first of July.  -animal - the beaver  -motto - "From sea to sea“  -national anthem - "O Canada"

Work sited  acts/can.html acts/can.html  17fev/oe1ca-eo1ca-eng.htm 17fev/oe1ca-eo1ca-eng.htm  m  Canada