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Canada’s Physical, Government, and Economy Chapter 9
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Physical Features Canada is world’s 2 nd largest landmass 1. Great Lakes – St. Lawrence River 2. Hudson Bay Lowlands 3. Canadian Shield 4. Rocky Mountains 5. Pacific Ocean 6. Atlantic Ocean
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1. Great Lakes with St. Lawrence River Created by glacial movement Great Lakes & St. Lawrence River form one of world’s most important shipping routes HOMES – (Huron, Ontario, Michigan, Erie, & Superior) St. Lawrence- connects Great Lakes with Atlantic Ocean
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2. Hudson Bay Lowlands 3 rd largest wetland in world Flat, low area covered by swampy forests Difficult for agriculture because it’s frozen most of year
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Hudson Bay Lowlands
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3. Canadian Shield Foundation of Canada’s landmass The Shield is an extremely old region, formed during the Precambrian era Region of mostly thin soil lying on top of bedrock – many bare rocks & thousands of lakes Natural Resources – timber, minerals, & water Sparsely populated
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4. Rocky Mountains Located in Western Canada & US Stretch a distance of 2,000 miles Mining is #1 industry, followed by logging Minerals: iron ore, copper, coal, gold Sparsely populated with few cities
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5 & 6: Pacific & Atlantic Ocean Important links to other countries for trade & travel Provides fishing opportunities
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Canada’s Government Recognize British monarchy Federal government -3 branches of govt.
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Canada’s Government continued 1. Governor General – Crown’s representative in Canada – Ceremonial office 2. Parliament – Legislative Branch House of Commons (elected) Senate (appointed) – Makes laws – Bills must pass BOTH houses 3. Prime Minister – chosen from House of Commons majority party – Head of Executive Branch – Highest office in Canada
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11 Class activity: Using a Venn diagram compare the US government and the Canadian government. Class activity: Using a Venn diagram compare the US government and the Canadian government. United States Canada Three branches of federal government in Canada & the US and their function within the government.
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Economics – Market Economy Focus mainly on manufacturing & service industries After looking at image to the left, what country is Canada’s most important trading partner? The United States – Both have Good transportation Similar business practices
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Canada’s Regions- #1- Atlantic Provinces Although fishing used to be a major industry, overfishing has weakened the job market Today many people have jobs in manufacturing, mining, & tourism Although fishing used to be a major industry, overfishing has weakened the job market Today many people have jobs in manufacturing, mining, & tourism
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Canada Region #2- Central & Eastern Ontario (Central): – Largest population – Greatest wealth in Canada – Center for business – manufacturing – Canada’s heartland Quebec (Eastern): – Paper Industry – Montreal – industrial & financial center – Hydroelectric power – Many French-speaking people in Quebec want to secede from Canada & become their own country
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Canada Region #3- The West Farming & ranching- produces large amounts of wheat Contains some of world’s largest reserves of oil & natural gas British Columbia province has deep, rich forests World’s largest producer of newsprint ( type of paper)
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Canada Region #4- The North Canada’s north covers about 1/3 of the country Area includes Yukon Territory, Northwest Territory, & Nunavut Many people who live here are indigenous The main resources are minerals like gold & diamonds World’s largest exporter of minerals!
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