Materials: Structure and Uses

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Presentation transcript:

Materials: Structure and Uses Unit 2 Section D Materials: Structure and Uses

Allotropes: Same Element, Different Structure & Properties Diamond Graphite Buckminsterfullerene

Carbon Nanotubes

Ceramics A ceramic is an inorganic, non-metallic solid prepared by the action of heat and subsequent cooling.

Properties of Ceramics? Hardness Rigidity Low reactivity Resistance to wear Brittle

Plastics Synthetic, (meaning human created) long chains of carbon-atom chains with hydrogen and/or other elements PET polystyrene PVC

Properties of Plastics? Vary greatly Highly customizable Most are petroleum based

Combining Metals Alloy: a solid “solution” of atoms of 2 or more metals Brass Steel (sort of) Bronze

Properties of alloys Some are superconductive –conduct electric current without any resistance Take the properties of their constituent elements

Semiconductors Only conduct electricity at certain voltages Can change the direction of a current Doping-adds impurities to semiconductors to enhance their properties

Modifying Surfaces Coatings Paints Varishes Powder coating Electroplating: using electric current to coat something with a metal

Thin Films