Objective 5.04 Describe the changing role of government in economic and political affairs

5.04 Factual Content Pendleton Act Civil service system Sherman Antitrust Act Political machines Boss Tweed Tammany Hall Thomas Nast Graft Crédit Mobilier scandal Whiskey Ring scandal Secret ballot (Australian) Initiative Referendum Recall Mugwumps U.S. v. E.C. Knight, Co. 1895

Pendleton Act Required workers to pass a Civil Service Exam as a condition of employment in the government, did away with the “Spoils System”

Political Machines Traded Jobs for Votes, political organization in New York

Boss Tweed Famous leader of the Tammany Hall Political Machine in New York

Tammany Hall Name of the Political Machine in New York

Thomas Nast Political Cartoonist for Harper’s Weekly that exposed the corruption of the Tweed Ring

Credit Moblier Congress awards a contract to the Union Pacific Railroad to complete the Transcontinental Rail road, Union Pacific is owned by the Credit Moblier Company, members of Congress are given stock in the Credit Moblier Company to buy their votes

Graft Political Corruption, using political office for financial gain

Whiskey Ring Members of Congress siphon tax money off liquor tax and put it in their own pockets

Populism Political movement of farmers and common folk, Omaha Platform, Direct Election of Senators, Income Tax, Regulation of the Railroads

Secret Ballot Attempt to stop intimidation of voters, anonymous voting

Initiative Petition by voters to force a referendum

Referendum School Bond, Alcohol Vote, vote of the people, direct democracy

Recall To remove an elected official from office

Mugwumps Republicans who voted for Grover Cleveland for President