Militarism Alliances Nationalism Imperialism Assassination (the spark) of Franz Ferdinand

 policy of building up strong military forces to prepare for war  How do you know a country is preparing for war?

 Country Spending Military Size Britain 117% 430,000 France 92% 970,000 Russia 19% 1,500,000 Germany 158% 760,000 Austria-Hungary 160% 480,000

 Alliances- agreements between nations to aid and protect one another  Why do countries form alliances?

Central Powers o Germany o Austria-Hungary o Ottoman Empire (Turkey and some areas of present-day Middle East) Allied Powers o Britain o France o Russia o Italy (joined 1915) o United States (eventually in 1917)

 pride in or devotion to one’s country  Intense pride of one’s homeland, placing it above all other countries  More than just patriotism  Nationalism led to an inability to compromise  Why do you think this was the case?

 It was also a big deal in the immediate cause of World War I, since the Serbians wanted independence, and not to be under Austria- Hungary’s control 1. Area had been controlled by Austria-Hungary and Ottomans 2. Different ethnic groups (Serbs, Bosnians, Croats, Slovenes) fighting for control

3. Serbs get independence first and wanted to unite the rest under a common rule. They do NOT want to be under Austria-Hungary’s rule 4. Austria-Hungary annexes Bosnia, which makes Serbs angry because they wanted that area in their empire 5. The whole area is unhappy!

 when one country takes over another country economically and politically – Social Darwinism- “survival of the fittest,” “eat or be eaten” This is causing countries to try to exert control and influence around the world How does Social Darwinism explain imperialism??

 Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria- Hungary and his wife, Sophie, are killed on June 28, 1914  Who did it? Why? A Serbian Terrorist group (the Black Hand) to get back at Austria-Hungary  Franz Ferdinand was the heir to the throne

 The dominos had been set up, now they all fall  Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia (July 28)  Russia starts mobilizing army, including bringing troops to Germany border  Germany gets mad, declares war on Russia (August 1)

 Because of alliance system, Germany declares war on France (August 3)  Germany gets ready to invade France, but to do that it must go through Belgium  In treaties already signed, Great Britain had guaranteed Belgium would remain neutral so Great Britain declares war on Germany

Central Powers o Germany o Austria-Hungary o Ottoman Empire (Turkey and some areas of present-day Middle East) Allied Powers o Great Britain o France o Russia o Italy (joined 1915) o United States (eventually in 1917)