Do Now  Write at least 20 characteristics of a person that you think meet the definition of ‘personality’.

Purposes of Personality Theories Chapter 14 Section 1

vocabulary personality – the consistent, enduring, and unique characteristics of a person.

Do Now: Define “personality”. What is it? 3/11 3/12 Think of a person you have observed in a variety of settings. Describe that person’s way of interacting with people. How do others respond to him/her? How does this person influence others, how do they influence him/her?

The “Big Five” Personality Traits 1. agreeableness (being sympathetic to others, kind, and trusting) 2. conscientiousness (your level of organization and work ethic, being dutiful, and dedicated to completing tasks) 3. neuroticism (emotional stability) (your level of calmness and tranquility) 4. extraversion ( your level of warmth, talkativeness, and energy) 5. openness to experience (open-mindedness, willing- ness to try intellectual experiences, and new ideas)

Personality Inventory Rate your own personality from 1-5 using the following traits. Conscientious: Extroverted: Openess to experience: Agreeable: Emotionally Stable:

Personality Theories 1 st purpose The first purpose of personality theories is to provide a way of organizing the many characteristics you know about yourself and other people.

mix & match (1 st purpose continued) personality theorists try to determine if certain traits go together, why a person has some traits and not others, and… empathetic prim smug

…why a person might exhibit different traits in different situations. suspicion - mistrust empathy insecurity tranqulity

It’s in the Personality Dee Dee and Janet both failed their semester examinations in psychology, but they reacted in very different ways. When Dee Dee saw her grade, she felt sick to her stomach and had to fight back tears. She rushed home, and shut herself up in her room to lie in bed, stare at the ceiling, and feel inadequate. Janet, on the other hand was all bluster. She ran to the cafeteria to join her friends and make loud jokes about the stupid questions on the test.

some personality traits shy shy bossy bossy meek meek calm calm quick-tempered quick-tempered witty witty dull dull fun-loving fun-loving gloomy gloomy industrious industrious lazy lazy

Key Concepts of Theories Psychoanalytic Behavioral Social learning Humanistic Trait Unconscious influences from early childhood Rewards & punishments shape our thinking Interaction of cognitive and personal factors, behavior & environment Capacity for personal growth, potential for self-actualization Consistent behavior traits in various situations Personality Theories Psychologists Associated with Theory Freud B.F. Skinner Albert Bandura Carl Rogers Abraham Maslow Gordon Allport

Behavioral Patterns (1 st purpose con’d) Personality theorists disagree about which personality traits are significant, however… …all personality theorists look to discover patterns in the way people behave.

Probing for Differences : 2 nd purpose personality theorists also try to explain the differences among individuals. In order to do this, personality theorists probe beneath the surface.

Explanations ( 2 nd purpose) – personality theorists have varying explanations for differences among individuals. what are the motives for a behavior? how were the motives established in the first place? are there less obvious causes for individual differences? can individual differences be traced back to childhood conflicts ?

3 rd purpose : Conducting Our Lives personality theorists try to explain why problems arise, and why they are more difficult to manage than for others.

Personality Theories: 4 th Purpose How can life be improved ? How do we address our dissatisfaction with: –Our selves? –Our boyfriends? –Our girlfriends? –Our parents? –Our jobs? –Society? –The World?

Personality links 1. catrific: Types 2. Not a Man 3. The Infinitesimal Atom 4. Some Boys Go to College 5. frasier & lilith Myers-briggs type test

Several hints about how to best complete this survey: There are no right answers to any of these questions. Answer the questions quickly, do not over-analyze them. Some seem worded poorly. Go with what feels best. Answer the questions as “the way you are”, not “the way you’d like to be seen by others” Do not look at the scoring sheet until you have completed all the questions. Thanks for your time, and I look forward to reviewing this at the session

v,_mbti_personality_type_test.pdf MYERS-BRIGGS LINK

Do Now What is the ego? Where is it located? What do you think the superego is?

Personality theorists Freud Maslow Allport Skinner Social learning theorists End of section 1

MEET THE ANALYSTS! The First Analysts of Psychological Personality Theorists

Abraham Maslow Humanistic Theorists: Rogers & Maslow emphasize human potential for growth through creativity and spontaneity. Goal: Self-Actualization Self-Actualization Carl Rogers

Personality Inventory Rate your own personality from 1-5 using the following traits. Conscientious: Extroverted: Openess to experience: Agreeable: Emotionally Stable: