1. Notes
Personality Theories

2. Cognitive
Ideas of ­­­­­­­­­­­­oneself, of others, and of the world shape personalities
Schemas — mental representation of people, events, and concepts
Determine how we perceive things and respond to them
How does this relate to the Social Learning Theory?

3. Humanistic Strive for self-actualization (one's unique potential)
Developing sense of self; subjective
Abraham Maslow (Self-actualization) & Carl Rogers (“The Self”)

8. How are these people similar?

9. Common Personality Traits
Realistically oriented
Accept the world as it is
Spontaneous
Creative
Resist conformity
Independent

10. Carl Roger’s “The Self”
Positive regard — view of yourself based on positive interactions
Conditions of worth — conditions one must meet to feel positively about oneself
Unconditional positive regard — perception that significant others value you in your entirety

11. Trait Two basic ideas (assumptions):
Everyone possesses all traits
Traits can be quantified (put on a scale)
Amount of each determines your personality

12. Gordon Allport (first trait theorist)
Cardinal trait —so strong, person is identified with it (rare)
Central trait — best describes a person
Secondary traits — less consistent (preferences or occasions)

13. The “Big Five” Central for all people: Openness Conscientiousness
Open-mindedness to close-mindedness
Conscientiousness
Being responsible to careless
Extroversion
Outgoing to reserved
Agreeableness
Sympathetic to cruel
Neuroticism (emotional stability)
Moody to calm/relaxed

14. Big Five Personality Test

15. Myers-Briggs Personality Test
Based on Carl Jung’s writings
Jung presented 4 ways in which people experience the world:
Extroversion – Introversion
Sensing – Intuition
Thinking – Feeling
Judging – Perception
16 types total
Preferences; not better or worse

16. Personality Disorders
Personality disorder — maladaptive ways of dealing with others and one’s environment; behaviors and experiences that differ from societal norms

17. Personality Disorder Party
Determine which disorder goes with which guest
Describe how you know which person has each disorder
What are commonalities for the disorders in each cluster?

18. Cluster Commonalities
Cluster A:
Odd or eccentric disorders
Cluster B:
Dramatic, emotional, or erratic disorders
Cluster C:
Anxious or fearful disorders

19. Prompt #4
Choose one of the articles/blogs about someone with a personality disorder
Response: (should be AT LEAST a paragraph; 4-5 sentences)
What personality disorder do they have?
When and how did they discover they had a personality disorder? 
How does it affect their life?
How do they manage their personality disorder (if they do)?

20. Summary
What is the difference between general personality traits and personality disorders?

21. Character Game
Goal: Figure out your own person/character based on YES or NO questions
Ex: Am I bossy?
Allowed to ask one initial question:
Am I a human? A cartoon? An animal?
After that, ALL questions must be about personality.

22. Examples Example Questions: Am I considered “cool”?
Do people/kids look up to me?
Am I stuck in the past?
Am I musical?
Am I considered successful?
Am I supportive (like a sidekick)?
Am I submissive (get bossed around)?
Would people say I am a leader?
Example Characteristics: Outgoing Shy/reserved Aggressive Sympathetic Witty Intelligent Unintelligent Honest Serious Goofy/Childish Forgetful Practical Imaginative Strong/Fighter Easy-going Adventurous Optimistic Pessimistic Careless Violent Bossy Musical Active Lazy

23. Discussion
What characteristics did you ask about that were the most helpful in figuring out the person’s character?
Why were those the most helpful characteristics?
Which theories does this most align with?