Europeans Settle North America

Treaty of Tordesillas Other nations ignored this Treaty

Magellan’s Voyage Showed ships could reach Asia by way of Pacific Ocean Other nations (British, Dutch, French) tried to find a profitable trade route through North America

New France Giovanni da Verrazzano –Discovered New York harbor Jacques Cartier –St. Lawrence River, Montreal Samuel de Champlain –Founded Quebec, base of France’s colonial empire Jacques Marquette and Louis Joliet –Explored Great Lakes and upper Mississippi River Sieur de La Salle –Explored lower Mississippi River –Named it Louisana in honor of King Louis XIV

French Colonies Sparsely populated –65,000 in 1760 No desire to build towns or raise families Single Men –Interested in fur trade Catholic Priests –Interested in converting Native Americans Interested in making money off land –Not occupying territories

English in North America Jamestown –1607, 3 ships and 100 settlers –Coast of Virginia –Named in honor of King James –Disastrous start 7 of 10 people died of hunger, disease, or battles with Native Americans –Became England’s first permanent settlement

Jamestown Outlook of colony improved with discovery of tobacco High demand in England turned it into a prolific cash crop

Plymouth Pilgrims founded 2 nd English colony in Massachusetts Sought religious freedoms because they were persecuted for their religious beliefs in England

Massachusetts Bay 1630 Puritans sought religious freedom from England’s Anglican Church Survived due to the numerous families

Dutch New Netherland Henry Hudson explored 3 waterways –Hudson River, Hudson Bay, Hudson Straight Established fur trade with Indians Built trading posts along Hudson River and Manhattan Island Dutch West India Company Colonized the region

Colonizing Caribbean French- Haiti, Guadeloupe, and Martinique English- Barbados, Jamaica Dutch- Netherland Antilles, Aruba Built huge cotton and sugar plantations –Very profitable Demanded large and steady supply of labor

Struggle for America English population was 1.2 million –In Colonies from Maine to Georgia English drove Dutch out of North America –Duke of York drove out Dutch English drove France out of Ohio River Valley –French and Indian War

Native Americans French and Dutch settlers –cooperative relationship due to mutual benefits of fur trade Fought over land claims and trading disputes Lived together peacefully for the most part

Native American Relationships English –Sought to populate their colonies Issues over land and religion –Meant pushing natives off their land –Seized land for population and to grow tobacco –Puritans viewed Native Americans as agents of the devil –Native Americans had a harsh view of European settlers as well

Disease Europeans brought with them several diseases –Diseases devastated the Native American population Massachusett Tribe- 24,000 in in in 1631 From South Carolina to Missouri, nearly whole tribes fell to smallpox, measles, and other diseases