1.   What year did Columbus sail to America?  What were the name of his three ships?  Where was he from and what country did he sail for? Bell Ringer

2.   Columbus: first encounter  Portuguese explorers: Ferdinand Magellan  Spanish Conquistadors  England and France: American Colonies. Agenda/Objectives

3.  Let’s put on our boots and get to work

4.   Columbus was an italian sailor and sponsored by Spain.  Three ships – Nina, Pinta, and Santa Maria  October 12, 1492 – Pinta caught sight of a shoreline.  - Thought they had reached the East Indies. First Encounter

5.   Actually was on an island in the Bahamas in the Caribbean Sea.  Native group – Taino  Columbus claimed the land for Spain and named it San Salvador or “Holy Savior” First Encounter

6.   Like other explorers he was interested in gold.  - None in San Salvador  1493- Returned to Spain  $$$ Spanish Monarchs finance three more trips. Columbus

7.   Columbus no longer an explorer but an empire builder.  Commanded a fleet of 17 ships, a few hundred soldiers, and over a 1,000 settlers.  Spain wanted to colonize the islands of the Caribbean. Second Trip

8.   1500 – Portuguese explorer Pedro Alvares Cabral reached the shore of modern day Brazil.  Amerigo Vespucci (italian) sailed for Portugal. Traveled the eastern coast of South America.  - A German mapmaker named the new continent America in honor of Vespucci.  1519 – Ferdinand Magellan sailed around the southern end of South America and sailed to the Philippines. Portugese Explorers

9.   Killed in a local war and only 18 men and 1 ship returned home in 1522.  - first people to sail around the world. Ferdinand Magellan

10.   Conquistadors – Conquerors  Spanish explorers heard rumors of vast lands filled with gold and silver.  Name two conquistadors.  Who did they conquer? Spain builds an empire

11.   Name some of the French explorers that came to America?  What year was Jamestown established?  What company founded Jamestown? France and England

12.   Giovanni da Verrazano – an Italian, who explored for France.  1524 – Sailed to America for a possible sea route to the Pacific.  He was unsuccessful but did discover what is today New York Harbor. New France

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14.   1534 – Jacques Cartier reached the gulf off the eastern coast of Canada that led to a broad river.  Named the river St. Lawrence.  Reached a large Island with a large hill and name it Mount Royal (modern day Montreal) New France

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16.   1608- Samuel de Champlain sailed up St. Lawrence river and claimed a region he called Quebec.  As the settlement grew it became known as New France. New France

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18.   1760 – European population of New France grew to 65,000.  A large number of French colonist had no desire to build or raise families.  Settlers included – Catholic priest seeking to convert the natives. Young, single men engaged in the fur trade.  Late 1500s – Hats from Beaver fur became popular in Europe. French were less interested in occupying territories and more into making money. New France: A trading Empire

19.   Why did England encourage people to settle in America? What issues were going on in England?  - Disease  - Over population  - Not enough land  - Not enough jobs  Why did colonist in America live longer than their counterpart in England?  - More food  - Less pollution  - Less disease Why Explore?

20.   1606 – The Virginia Company of London obtained a charter from Kings James to establish a colony in America.  3 ships and approximately 105 settlers.  Named their colony Jamestown in honor of King James.  Start was disastrous.  Settlers were more interested in finding wealth than growing crops and hunting.  7 out of every 10 men died in the beginning of the colony. England: Jamestown

21.   1620 – Pilgrims established the second English colony.  Plymouth, Massachusetts.  Sought religious freedom.  Puritans also sought religious freedom and established the Massachusetts Bay colony.  Did better than Jamestown due to have women and children.  It ensured the population would reproduce itself. New England

22.   The Dutch established the Dutch East India Company in 1602.  Created to compete for trade in the Indian Ocean.  1609 – Henry Hudson (English) sailed for Netherlands.  Searching for a northwest sea route to Asia came across 3 water ways in the Americas.  Hudson river, Hudson bay, and Hudson strait. New Netherland

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24.   Dutch claimed the land along the 3 water ways.  Established a fur trade with the Iroquois Indians.  Built a trading post Fort Orange (modern day Albany) and on Manhattan island.  Dutch merchants quickly formed the Dutch West India Company.  1621 – Company was given permission to colonize the area.  To encourage settlement they welcome all- German, French, and Scandinavian New Netherlands

25.   So ethnically diverse it was referred to as “confusion of tongues”  Dutch had a reputation for religious tolerance.  - Jews, Muslims, Protestants and Catholics came to the colony. New Netherlands