PROPERTIES AND CHANGES Physical vs. Chemical. Physical Properties Any observation that can be made WITHOUT changing the composition of the matter. Examples:

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Presentation transcript:

PROPERTIES AND CHANGES Physical vs. Chemical

Physical Properties Any observation that can be made WITHOUT changing the composition of the matter. Examples:  Color  Texture  Density  Odor  Solubility  Electrical & Thermal conductivity  Ductility (ability to roll into long strands)  Malleability (ability to be bent or change shape)  Brittleness (ability to break)  Melting point, boiling point, or ANY PHASE CHANGE

Physical Changes Physical changes are a change in size, shape, or state of matter. The identity of the element or compound does not change. DO NOT make or break bonds

Changes that do NOT change the identity of the substance. You may or may not be able to undo a physical change.

Examples of Physical Changes ANY Change in State (Boil/Freeze/Melt/Evaporate) Rubbing alcohol evaporates in your hand Butter melts on toast ANY CHANGE IN SHAPE OR SIZE Aluminum Foil cut in half Clay molded into new shape DILUTION: dissolve a substance into a liquid Dissolving sugar into water Mixing oil and water

Signs of a Physical Change Any phase change. Change in energy of the particles. What you started off with is what you end up with chemically.

Chemical Properties An observation that is dependent upon changing the chemical composition of an object. Observe only when the identity changes Ex:  Flammability- catch fire  Oxidize- ability to rust (react in air)  Reactivity- react in acid/water  Toxicity- poisonous  Decay/ radioactive  Stability- stable/ does not react

Chemical Changes The substances present at the beginning of the reaction are changed into something new.  You make or break bonds  The change cannot be undone.

Examples Car rusting Milk goes sour Bread becomes toast Hydrogen Peroxide bubbles in a cut Food digesting in your stomach and small intestine (with the help of enzymes) Any item burning

Signs of Chemical Change Bubbles of Gas appear Light heat A precipitate forms – (solid appears) New color The temperature changes New odor Sound produced

How do you know if it is chemical or physical?  If it CHanges, it’s CHemical

DEMOS!!! Mentos + Coke?  Chemical Change! Alka-Seltzer breaks?  Physical Change! Alka-Seltzer + Water?  Chemical Change! Vinegar + Baking Soda?  Chemical Change! Hot water in Can + Cold water bath?  Physical Change! Methane + Fire?  Chemical Change!