The Age of Imperialism Chapter

What is imperialism? The seizure (takeover) of a country or territory by a stronger country Why do Europeans do this? Industrialization sparks the need for: Land perfect for establishing trading and military posts Natural resources and raw materials New markets for products

Africa Before European Domination Divided amongst ethnic and linguistic groups Europeans had little contact with interior Africans due to disease, travel of the rivers and African military. Missionaries, explores and humanitarians were the only humans to explore the interior of Africa

Dr. Livingstone Dr. Livingstone sparks the imperialistic race in the Congo. Went on a mission trip for years. People thought he was dead. Henry Stanley, a U.S. reporter was hired to go find him. He did. Stanley continued to explore Africa himself. He was contacted by King Leopold III to negotiate for land. This sparks the French, GB, Germany, Italy, Portugal and Spain to start claiming parts of Africa.

Forces Driving Imperialism in Africa The industrial revolution Looking for new markets and raw materials European Superiority Racism- they are better then everyone Social Darwinism- survival of the fittest To civilize and westernize the people Advances in technology Machine guns (Maxim), steam engines, a drug created in 1829 to protect them from malaria Africa had no Unity Europeans used the rival groups against each other.

The Division of Africa GOLD! DIAMONDS! Europeans colonize more!!! Berlin Conference European countries met Decided on how to divide the continent **no African King was invited and they paid little attention to different ethnic and linguistic differences. Demand for raw materials

Three Groups Clash over South Africa: Africans, British and Dutch Zulus fights the British Shaka-Zulu chief created a large central state in S.A. with a good military British nearly beat the Zulu, but eventually won and took power in 1887 Boers and the British Settle in the Cape Dutch were the first to settle in S.A. (Boers=farmers) Clash over land and slaves Boer War First modern “total” war due to “outsiders” invading and taking political reigns. Black South Africans played roles in the war such as: scouts, guards, drivers, and workers. Great Britain won