Submitted By:Supported By: Suresh Chandra Jangid Branch: - Mechanical (IInd yr. )

Introduction: A steam engine is a device that converts the potential energy that exists as pressure in steam, and converts that to mechanical forces. Potential chemical energy stored in the coal is converted into heat by burning (a chemical reaction) The heat is converted to mechanical energy by 1) heating water into steam, 2) steam expands to force a piston to move, 3) pistons drive a shaft that eventually makes the wheels of the train turn. Mechanical energy becomes kinetic energy as the train moves.

History: The first practical engine was patented by JAMES WATT In 1769.

The heat required for boiling the water & supply the steam can be drived from various sources. The heat required for boiling the water & supply the steam can be drived from various sources. In some cases the heat sources is a nuclear reactor or geothermal In some cases the heat sources is a nuclear reactor or geothermal energy. energy.

Boiler are vessel that contain water to be boiled, and some kind of Boiler are vessel that contain water to be boiled, and some kind of mechanism for transferring the heat to the water as to boil it. mechanism for transferring the heat to the water as to boil it. Water is contained in or run through one Water is contained in or run through one or several tubes surrounded by hot gases. or several tubes surrounded by hot gases. The water partially fills a vessel below or The water partially fills a vessel below or inside which is a combustion chamber or inside which is a combustion chamber or furnace and fire tubes through which the furnace and fire tubes through which the hot gases flows. hot gases flows. Fire tube boiler were displaced by safer Fire tube boiler were displaced by safer water tube boiler in the 19 th century. water tube boiler in the 19 th century. They will also operate on compressed air They will also operate on compressed air or other gases. or other gases.

A motor unit take supply of steam at high pressure and temperature A motor unit take supply of steam at high pressure and temperature and gives out a supply of steam at and gives out a supply of steam at lower pressure and temperature, lower pressure and temperature, using a much of the difference in using a much of the difference in steam energy as possible to do steam energy as possible to do mechanical work. mechanical work. Motor unit are typically a type of Motor unit are typically a type of piston or steam turbine. piston or steam turbine. A motor unit is often called A motor unit is often called “steam engine” in it’s own right. “steam engine” in it’s own right.

A considerable quantities of waste heat at relatively low temperature A considerable quantities of waste heat at relatively low temperature is produced and must be disposed of. is produced and must be disposed of. Sometimes the waste heat is useful in and itself, and in those cases Sometimes the waste heat is useful in and itself, and in those cases very high overall efficiency can be obtained. very high overall efficiency can be obtained. Combined Heat and Power (CHP) system use the waste steam for Combined Heat and Power (CHP) system use the waste steam for district heating. district heating. Where CHP is not use, steam turbine in power Where CHP is not use, steam turbine in power stations use surface condensers as a cold sink. stations use surface condensers as a cold sink.