BELL From Latin means “war” Unit 1.2
Related Words Antebellum (adj) existing before a war, especially before the American Civil War Bellicose (adj) warlike, aggressive, quarrelsome
Related Words Belligerence (n) aggressiveness, combativeness Rebellion (n) open defiance and opposition, sometimes armed, to a person or thing in authority.
Note Bellona was the little- known Roman goddess of war; her husband, Mars, was the god of war
PAC/PEAS From the Latin words for “agree” and “peace.”
Related Words Pacify (v): 1. To soothe anger or agitation. 2. To subdue by armed action. Pacify (v): 1. To soothe anger or agitation. 2. To subdue by armed action. Unit 1.2
Related Words Pacifist (n): A person opposed to war or violence, especially someone who refuses to bear arms or to fight, on moral or religious grounds. Pacifist (n): A person opposed to war or violence, especially someone who refuses to bear arms or to fight, on moral or religious grounds. Unit 1.2
Related Words Pact (n): An agreement between 2 or more people/groups; a treaty or formal agreement between nations to deal with a problem or to resolve a dispute. Pact (n): An agreement between 2 or more people/groups; a treaty or formal agreement between nations to deal with a problem or to resolve a dispute. Unit 1.2
Related Words Appease (v): To make peaceful or quiet; to calm, satisfy. Appease (v): To make peaceful or quiet; to calm, satisfy. Unit 1.2
The Pacific Ocean, that is the “Peaceful Ocean” – was named by Magellan because it seemed so calm after the storms near Cape Horn. Notes
HOSP/HOST Comes from the Latin and means both “host” and “guest” Unit 1.3
Related Words Hostage (n): A person given or held to ensure that an agreement, demand, or treaty is kept or fulfilled. Unit 1.3
Related Words Hospice (n): A place or program to help care for the terminally ill.
Related Words Hostel (n): An inexpensive, supervised place for young travelers to stay overnight. Unit 1.3
Related Words Inhospitable (adj): 1. Not welcoming or generous; unfriendly. 2. Providing no shelter or food (such as a desert). Unit 1.3
Hospitality is what a good host or hostess offers to a guest. A hospital was once a house for religious pilgrims and other travelers, or a home for the aged. Notes
AM / IM From the Latin word amare, this root means “to love.” Unit 1.4
Related Words Amicable (adj): Friendly, powerful. Amicable (adj): Friendly, powerful. Enamored (adj): Charmed or fascinated; inflamed with love. Enamored (adj): Charmed or fascinated; inflamed with love. Unit 1.4
Related Words Inimical (adj): Hostile, unfriendly, or harmful. Inimical (adj): Hostile, unfriendly, or harmful. Paramour (n): A lover, often secret, not allowed by law or custom. Paramour (n): A lover, often secret, not allowed by law or custom. Unit 1.4
Amiable means “friendly or good-natured,” and amigo is Spanish for “friend.” Notes
CRIM From Latin, this root means “fault or crime” or “accusation” Unit 1.5
Related Words Criminology (n): The study of crime, criminals, law enforcement, and punishment. Criminology (n): The study of crime, criminals, law enforcement, and punishment. Unit 1.5
Related Words Decriminalize (v): To remove or reduce the criminal status of. Decriminalize (v): To remove or reduce the criminal status of. Incriminate (v): To show evidence of involvement in a crime or a fault. Incriminate (v): To show evidence of involvement in a crime or a fault. Unit 1.5
Related Words Recrimination (n): An accusation in retaliation for an accusation made against oneself; defending oneself against a verbal attack with a verbal counterattack Recrimination (n): An accusation in retaliation for an accusation made against oneself; defending oneself against a verbal attack with a verbal counterattack Unit 1.5
CRIM produces such English words as crime and criminal. Notes
PROB / PROV From the Latin for “prove or proof” and “honesty or integrity” Unit 1.6
Related Words Approbation (n): A formal or official act of approving; praise, usually given with pleasure or enthusiasm. Approbation (n): A formal or official act of approving; praise, usually given with pleasure or enthusiasm. Unit 1.6
Related Words Disprove (v): To show that something is not what it has been claimed to be; refute. Disprove (v): To show that something is not what it has been claimed to be; refute. Probity (n): Absolute honesty and uprightness. Probity (n): Absolute honesty and uprightness. Unit 1.6
Related Words Reprobate (n): A person of thoroughly bad character. Reprobate (n): A person of thoroughly bad character. Unit 1.6
To prove a statement is to “make it honest,” and probate court is where the genuineness of the wills of deceased people must be proved. Notes
GRAV Comes from the Latin word meaning “heavy, weighty, serious.” Unit 1.7
Related Words Gravid (adj): Pregnant or enlarged with something. Gravid (adj): Pregnant or enlarged with something. Gravitas (n): Great or very dignified seriousness. Gravitas (n): Great or very dignified seriousness. Unit 1.7
Related Words Gravitate (v): To move or be drawn toward something, esp. by natural tendency or as if by an invisible force. Gravitate (v): To move or be drawn toward something, esp. by natural tendency or as if by an invisible force. Unit 1.7
Related Words Gravity (n): Weighty importance, seriousness, or dignity. Gravity (n): Weighty importance, seriousness, or dignity. Unit 1.7
A grave matter is serious and important. Notes
LEV From Latin, this root means “light” or “to raise or lighten.” Unit 1.8
Related Words Alleviate (v): To lighten, or relieve, especially physical or mental suffering. Alleviate (v): To lighten, or relieve, especially physical or mental suffering. Unit 1.8
Related Words Elevate (v): 1. To lift up or raise. 2. To raise in rank or status. Elevate (v): 1. To lift up or raise. 2. To raise in rank or status. Leavening (n): Something that lightens and raises; … Leavening (n): Something that lightens and raises; … Unit 1.8
Related Words … something that modifies, eases, or animates. … something that modifies, eases, or animates. Levity (n): Frivolity, lack of appropriate seriousness. Levity (n): Frivolity, lack of appropriate seriousness. Unit 1.8
Levitation is the magician’s trick in which a body seems to rise into the air by itself. And a lever is a bar used to lift something by means of leverage. Notes