The Pacific World Australia New Zealand Oceania

Physical Characteristics Indian Ocean Pacific Ocean Coral Sea Tasman Sea Great Dividing Range Great Barrier Ree

Australia Hawaii New Zealand Papua New Guinea

Physical Characteristics Wide range of vegetation, from tropical rain forests to desert scrub Australia is mostly desert The Great Dividing Range is located along the eastern coast of Australia The Great Barrier Reef is located off the Northeastern coast of Australia

Physical characteristics cont. Australia’s isolation has resulted in unique animal life Antarctica is the world’s coldest, driest, windiest continent: It is mostly icecap. Pacific islands are mostly volcanic, coral or continental

Unique Animal Life

Climate of the Pacific World Climate regions are defined by their common characteristics. What are the characteristics of the Pacific World? -Low & Middle Latitudes -Effects of wind & water (maritime) -temperature, precipitation, seasons Climate will “predict” where people live and what architecture may be used (thatched roof huts) on many Pacific islands.

Economic Characteristics Require air and water travel to bring goods and services to remote areas Dry areas of Australia well suited to cattle and sheep ranching upset of environmental balance, caused by the introduction of nonnative plants and animals ranching, mining (primary activities)

Living “Down Under” “Down Under” is a label/ nickname for Australia because the continent is ENTIRELY in the Southern Hemisphere Early colonists were from Europe. WHY? (farms/gold rush/ prison colony) Many people from Asia migrated to Australia in the 20th Century

Land Uses in the Pacific World Natural material become a resource when it becomes useful to humans Resources are NOT distributed equally ALL resources (capital, human, natural) influence human activity in regions -Agriculture: ranching (interior); farming (coast) -Industry: fishing; phosphates; other minerals (opal mining) -International trade & tourism

Cultural Characteristics Pacific Islands are sparsely populated Most of Australia’s population lives near the coast Traditional culture continues to shape life in the Pacific Islands Lifestyles range from subsistence farming to modern city living Cultures reflect the mix of European and indigenous cultures (ex: Maori and aborigines) Antarctica has no permanent residents

Maori People who are native to New Zealand.

Aborigines Indigenous people of Australia Native!!! didgeridoo ?????????

Cultural characteristics cont. Cities as centers of culture and trade –Canberra ACT (Australian Capital Territory) –Sydney, Australia –Melbourne, Australia Cultural landscape –Sydney Opera House –Cattle and Sheep station (Australia) –Research stations (Antarctica) –Thatched roof dwellings (Pacific Islands)

Cities Canberra ACT (Australian Capital Territory)

Sydney

Melbourne

Antarctica

There are no permanent residence of Antarctica. The major cultural characteristic of Antarctica are research stations. There are also penguins and seals.

Research Stations

Sydney Opera House

Sheep and Cattle Station

Thatched Roof Dwellings They are known as a FALE in Samoa.

Petroglyphs Images created by removing part of the surface of a rock by picking or carving it. The Aborigines of Australia practiced this.

Uluru (Ayers Rock)

Opal Mining from Coober Peedy, Australia

Outback of Australia