National Ambient Air Quality Standards ITEP Air Quality Training Kodiak 2015 Bob Morgan Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation

2 What Are Criteria Pollutants?  Common types of pollution  Widely distributed across Alaska  Why did EPA regulate? Health effects Environmental effects Carbon Monoxide Particulate Matter Lead Ozone Nitrogen Dioxide Sulfur Dioxide

3 National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)  Established under the 1970 Clean Air Act  Ambient air – outdoor air  Standards – maximum allowable levels  Primary Standards – protect human health  Secondary Standards – human welfare & the environment  Standards set for criteria pollutants

4 National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) Pollutant [final rule citation] Primary/ Secondary Averaging Time LevelForm Carbon Monoxide (CO) [76 FR 54294, Aug 31, 2011] Primary 8-hour9 ppm Not to be exceeded more than once per year 1-hour35 ppm Lead (Pb) [73 FR 66964, Nov 12, 2008] Primary & Secondary Rolling 3- month average 0.15 µg/m 3 Not to be exceeded Nitrogen Dioxide (NO 2 ) [75 FR 6474, Feb 9, 2010] [61 FR 52852, Oct 8, 1006] Primary1-hour100 ppb98 th percentile, averaged over 3 years Primary & Secondary Annual53 ppbAnnual mean Ozone (O 3 ) [73 FR 16436, Mar, 2008] Primary & Secondary 8-hour75 ppb Annual 4 th Highest daily maximum 8- hour concentration, averaged over 3 years Particle Pollution (PM) Dec 14, 2012 PM2.5 PrimaryAnnual12 µg/m 3 Annual mean, averaged over 3 years SecondaryAnnual15 µg/m 3 Annual mean, averaged over 3 years Primary & Secondary 24-hour35 µg/m 3 98 th percentile, averaged over years PM10 Primary & Secondary 1-hour150 µg/m 3 Not to be exceeded more than once per year on average over 3 years Sulfur Dioxide (SO 2 ) [75 FR 35520, Jun 22, 2010] [38 FR 25678, Sep 14, 1973] Primary1-hour75 ppb 99 th percentile of 1-hour daily maximum concentrations, averaged over 3 years Secondary3-hour500 ppb Not to be exceeded more than once per year

5 Sources of Criteria Pollutants  Combustion – village diesel power  Riverbeds – wind blown dust  Wildfires – smoke and ash  4 wheelers/home heating –  Boat engines –  Unpaved roads – road dust (4-wheelers)

6 Health Effects of Criteria Pollutants  Difficult breathing – youth, elders and those with respiratory illnesses (ex. Asthma & COPD)  Reduces oxygen in blood  Damages nervous system  Cardio vascular impacts

7 Environmental Effects of Criteria Pollutants  Reduce visibility - dust, smoke  Damage plants – NO X, SO X, ozone  Harm wildlife  Acid rain – NO X SO X  Impact fish drying  Cover berries

8 Designations Attainment Non-attainment  Village air meets national NAAQS standards  Air quality is good  Levels of pollution are below NAAQS  Village air does not meet NAAQS standards  Air may not be safe  Air quality may be unsafe for children, elders, and those with respiratory illnesses  Levels of pollution are above NAAQS limit s

9 Contact Information Barbara Trost, Air Monitoring Program Manager Phone: Bob Morgan, Environmental Program Specialist III Phone: Office Address: Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation (ADEC) Division of Air 619 East Ship Creek Avenue, Suite 249 Anchorage, AK 99501