1 06/06 e Global HIV epidemic, 1990 ‒ 2005*HIV epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa, 1985 ‒ 2005* Number of people living with HIV % HIV prevalence, adult (15-49) % HIV prevalence, adult (15 ‒ 49) Number of people living with HIV (millions) % HIV prevalence, adult (15 ‒ 49) Number of people living with HIV (millions) Estimated number of people living with HIV and adult HIV prevalence This bar indicates the range around the estimate *Even though the HIV prevalence rates have stabilized in sub-Saharan Africa, the actual number of people infected continues to grow Because of population growth. Applying the same prevalence rate to a growing population will result in increasing numbers of people living with HIV 10.0

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3 A global view of HIV infection 38.6 million people [33.4 ‒ 46.0 million] living with HIV, 2005

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5 50% coverage (3 million people on treatment) 21 countries achieved this Global target not achieved Percentage of people with advanced HIV infection receiving antiretroviral therapy**** 9% (Country range: 1% ‒ 59% coverage), (n=41) Percentage of youth aged 15 ‒ 24 who correctly identify ways of preventing HIV transmission and who reject major misconceptions about HIV transmission** US$ 7.0 billion ‒ US$ 10.0 billion Global target achieved US$ Estimated range: US$ 7.5 billion ‒ US$ 8.5 billion MALE: 33% (Country range: 7% ‒ 50% coverage), (n=16) FEMALE: 20% (Country range: 8% ‒ 44% coverage), (n=17) Total annual expenditure* Percentage of HIV-positive pregnant women receiving antiretroviral prophylaxis*** 2005 Country progress towards 2001 Declaration of Commitment on HIV/AIDS—Global targets (low- and middle-income countries) [First of 2 slides] 90% coverage No country achieved this 80% coverage No country achieved this 20% (Country range: 1% ‒ 100% coverage), (n=116) people on treatment GLOBAL RESULTS 2005GLOBAL TARGETS 2005 * See ‘Financing’ chapter ** Demographic and Health Survey/AIDS Indicator Survey, 2001 ‒ 2005 (MEASURE DHS, 2006) *** Stover et al. (2006) **** “3 by 5” Report (WHO/UNAIDS, 2006)

6 06/06 e 2005 Country progress towards 2001 Declaration of Commitment on HIV/AIDS — Global targets (low- and middle-income countries) [Last of 2 slides] GLOBAL RESULTS 2005GLOBAL TARGETS % of infants born to HIV-infected mothers were also infected (n=33 most affected countries) In 2001, approximately 30% of infants were infected. There has been an estimated 10% reduction in HIV transmission between 2001 and Estimated percentage of infants born to HIV-infected mothers who are infected in 2005****** 20% reduction 11 of the most affected countries achieved this 25% reduction in most affected countries 6 of the most affected countries achieved this MALES: 1.4% (Measure of uncertainty: 1.1% ‒ 1.8%), (n=54) FEMALES: 3.8% (Measure of uncertainty: 3.0% ‒ 4.7%), (n=54) No comparable global data on this age cohort is available from Progress towards target can only be measured in individual countries. Percentage of young males and females, aged 15 ‒ 24, who are HIV infected***** ***** UNAIDS/WHO 2005 Estimates for countries with generalized epidemics ****** UNAIDS/WHO 2005 Estimates

7 06/06 e Coverage of antiretroviral therapy Access to mother-to-child prevention services (all pregnant women) Coverage of HIV-infected mothers who received antiretroviral prophylaxis Comparison of 2003 and 2005 data on the coverage of antiretroviral therapy, access to mother-to-child prevention services and coverage of HIV-infected mothers who received antiretroviral prophylaxis to prevent mother-to-child transmission % % % Sources: WHO/UNAIDS (2006). Progress on global access to HIV antiretroviral therapy: a report on “3 by 5” and beyond; USAID et al. (2006). Coverage of selected services for HIV/AIDS prevention, care and support in low and middle income countries in 2003 and 2005.

8 06/06 e Percentage of young people aged 15 ‒ 24 reporting the use of a condom during sexual intercourse with a non-regular partner, Sub-Saharan Africa, 2001 ‒ 2005 Male Female Countries with date of survey indicated % Benin 2001 Botswana 2001 Burkina Faso 2003 Cameroon 2004 Chad 2004 Ghana 2003 Guinea 2005 Kenya 2003 Lesotho 2004 Madagascar 2003 Malawi 2004 Mali 2001 Mozambique 2003 Nigeria 2003 Rwanda 2004 Senegal 2005 United Republic of Tanzania 2003 Uganda 2004 Zambia 2003 Sources: Demographic Health Surveys; HIV/AIDS Indicator Surveys ( )

9 06/06 e Estimated total annual resources available for AIDS, 1996 ‒ * US$ million Signing of Declaration of Commitment on HIV/AIDS Data include: International donors, domestic spending (including public spending and out-of-pocket expenditures) International Foundations and Global Fund included from 2003 onwards, PEPFAR included from 2004 onwards * Projections based on previous pledges and commitments (range of the estimation: US$7.5 to US$8.5 billion).

10 06/06 e AIDS funding requirements for low- and middle-income countries Prevention Care and treatment Support for orphans and vulnerable children Programme costs Human resources TOTAL ‒ 2008 US$ billion Source: UNAIDS (2005). Resource needs for an expanded response to AIDS in low- and middle-income countries.

11 06/06 e Distribution by region of the funding required for prevention Latin America/Caribbean: 9% Eastern Europe: 12% North Africa/Middle East: 3% Africa: 29% South/South-East Asia: 21% East Asia/Pacific: 26% Source: UNAIDS (2005). Resource needs for an expanded response to AIDS in low- and middle-income countries.

12 06/06 e Distribution by region of the funding required for treatment and care Latin America/Caribbean: 17% Eastern Europe: 7% North Africa/Middle East: 1% Africa: 55% South/South-East Asia: 4% East Asia/Pacific: 16% Source: UNAIDS (2005). Resource needs for an expanded response to AIDS in low- and middle-income countries.

13 06/06 e Total38.6 million [33.4 – 46.0 million] Adults36.3 million [31.4 – 43.4 million] Women17.3 million [14.8 – 20.6 million] Children under 15 years2.3 million [1.7 – 3.5 million] Total4.1 million [3.4 – 6.2 million] Adults3.6 million [3.0 – 5.4 million] Children under 15 years [ – ] Total2.8 million [2.4 – 3.3 million] Adults2.4 million [2.0 – 2.8 million] Children under 15 years [ – ] Number of people living with HIV in 2005 People newly infected with HIV in 2005 AIDS deaths in 2005 Global summary of the HIV and AIDS epidemic, 2005

14 06/06 e Global estimates for adults and children, 2005 People living with HIV38.6 million [33.4 – 46.0 million] New HIV infections in million [3.4 – 6.2 million] Deaths due to AIDS in million [2.4 – 3.3 million]

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16 06/06 e Adults and children estimated to be living with HIV, 2005 Total: 38.6 (33.4 – 46.0) million Western & Central Europe [ – ] North Africa & Middle East [ – ] Sub-Saharan Africa 24.5 million [21.6 – 27.4 million] Eastern Europe & Central Asia 1.5 million [1.0 – 2.3 million] South & South-East Asia 7.6 million [5.1 – 11.7 million] Oceania [ – ] North America 1.3 million [ – 2.1 million] Caribbean [ – ] Latin America 1.6 million [1.2 – 2.4 million] East Asia [ – 1.1 million]

17 06/06 e Estimated number of adults and children newly infected with HIV, 2005 Total: 4.1 (3.4 – 6.2) million Western & Central Europe [ – ] North Africa & Middle East [ – ] Sub-Saharan Africa 2.7 million [2.3 – 3.1 million] Eastern Europe & Central Asia [ – ] South & South-East Asia [ – 2.3 million] Oceania7200 [3500 – ] North America [ – ] Caribbean [ – ] Latin America [ – ] East Asia [ – ]

18 06/06 e Estimated adult and child deaths from AIDS, 2005 Total: 2.8 (2.4 – 3.3) million Western & Central Europe [<15 000] North Africa & Middle East [ – ] Sub-Saharan Africa 2.0 million [1.7 – 2.3 million] Eastern Europe & Central Asia [ – ] South & South-East Asia [ – ] Oceania3400 [1900 – 5500] North America [ – ] Caribbean [ – ] Latin America [ – ] East Asia [ – ]

19 06/06 e Children (<15 years) estimated to be living with HIV, 2005 Total: 2.3 (1.7 – 3.5) million Western & Central Europe4000[<8000] North Africa & Middle East [ – ] Sub-Saharan Africa 2.0 million [1.5 – 3.0 million] Eastern Europe & Central Asia6900 [3400 – ] South & South-East Asia [ – ] Oceania3000 [830 – 7900] North America [3500 – ] Caribbean [9800 – ] Latin America [ – ] East Asia [2000 – ]

20 06/06 e Western & Central Europe<100[<200] North Africa & Middle East4900 [2000 – 9500] Sub-Saharan Africa [ – ] Eastern Europe & Central Asia1200 [620 – 2300] South & South-East Asia [ – ] Oceania600 [200 – 1800] North America<100[<200] Caribbean3100 [1600 – 5100] Latin America2900 [1800 – 4900] East Asia [530 – 2700] Estimated deaths in children (<15 years) from AIDS, 2005 Total: ( – )

21 06/06 e Western & Central Europe200[<400] North Africa & Middle East6900 [3200 – ] Sub-Saharan Africa [ – ] Eastern Europe & Central Asia2300 [1400 – 3900] South & South-East Asia [ – ] Oceania1100 [400 – 2800] North America500[<1000] Caribbean3700 [2100 – 5800] Latin America5000 [3500 – 8000] East Asia [1000 – 4100] Total: ( – ) Estimated number of children (<15 years) newly infected with HIV, 2005

22 06/06 e Over new HIV infections a day in 2005 More than 95% are in low and middle income countries About 1500 are in children under 15 years of age About are in adults aged 15 years and older of whom: — almost 50% are among women — over 40% are among young people (15-24)

23 06/06 e Children living with HIV2.3 million [1.7 – 3.5 million] New HIV infections in [ – ] Deaths due to AIDS in [ – ] 2005 global HIV and AIDS estimates Children (<15 years)