Presidential Reconstruction Essential Questions: How do governments change? Lincoln’s Emmanicaption Proclamation (stop at 1:20) m/watch?v=akfQ7TfAQV Y The Gettysburg Address - Abraham Lincoln 1863 (2:49) m/watch?v=a4Bojjx_De w

Vocabulary Reconstruction (Re-Build) – The effort, after the Civil War, to reorganize the seceded states and being them back into the Union Pardon (Forgive) – An official release from punishment for a crime

Vocabulary Provisional Government (Temporary) – A temporary government Nullify (Cancel) – To cancel

Vocabulary Juneteenth (TX slaves were Free) – June 19th, the date celebrated as the anniversary of Emancipation Day for enslaved people in Texas Freedman (Former slave) – A formerly enslaved person

Vocabulary Black Codes (limit rights) – Laws limiting the rights of African Americans passed by Southern governments after the Civil War

Presidential Reconstruction Because most of the Civil War had taken place in the South, the South was in ruins after the Civil War.

Presidential Reconstruction President Lincoln and Congress began Reconstruction, a plan to rebuild and restore the South to the Union. Although no major battles had occurred in Texas, it faced economic obstacles and social division.

Presidential Reconstruction President Lincoln, wanting to restore the South as quickly as possible, set up provisional governments until readmission to the United States. President Lincoln believed that punishing the South would only delay healing the nation, so he offered a pardon to all Southerners who were willing to swear an oath of loyalty to the United States.

Presidential Reconstruction President Johnson’s Reconstruction plan was closely modeled after Lincoln’s. How did Andrew Johnson become president?

Presidential Reconstruction When General Gordon Granger arrived in Texas in June of 1865, he announced the emancipation of enslaved Texans. In the years that followed, African Americans observed the day as Juneteenth. Explain the history of Juneteenth. This marching band is taking part in a present-day Juneteenth celebration in Austin.

Presidential Reconstruction The Freedmen’s Bureau was established to help freedmen acquire necessary skills and find jobs. Most freed people were excited about the new schools the Freedmen’s Bureau established, and many adults wanted to learn to read and write. Why were freed people so interested in education?

The Freedman’s Bureau was extended to Texas in order to … A.Settle immigrants. B.Educate former slaves. C.Introduce new farming techniques. D.Prevent an economic depression. B The answer is:

During Reconstruction, the Freedman’s Bureau helped former slaves … A.Enroll in self defense courses B.Make the transition to freedom C.Cash in war bonds D.Relocate to Canada B The answer is:

Presidential Reconstruction President Johnson appointed Unionist Andrew Hamilton to lead the provisional government in Texas. Hamilton called for a constitutional convention that would write a new state constitution. Governor Hamilton

Presidential Reconstruction Many former Confederates were returned to power and while the amended Texas constitution did abolish slavery, it did not grant African Americans equal rights.

Presidential Reconstruction The state legislature refused to ratify the Thirteenth (FREE slaves) and Fourteenth Amendments (CITIZENS) and enacted black codes that restricted the rights of African Americans. FREE CITIZENS

Presidential Reconstruction The voters of Texas approved the Constitution of 1866 and elected James W. Throckmorton, a former Confederate general, as governor. The Texas Constitution of 1866 did not grant African American Texans equal rights, but it did end slavery. James W. Throckmorton, elected governor of Texas in 1866, was a former Confederate officer and was unwilling to grant many rights to African Americans. Why did Texas voters return many ex-Confederates to power in 1866?

1zGuY 1zGuY Andrew Johnson's "Under Pressure" (Queen Parody)

Quiz A A 1. The effort to reorganize the Southern states and bring them back into the Union after the Civil War was _____. A. Reconstruction B. Rehabilitation C. Reorganization D. Restoration 2. President Lincoln believed that punishing the South would only delay healing the nation, so he offered a _____ to all Southerners who were willing to swear an oath of loyalty to the United States. A. pardon B. pass C. reprieve D. sentence

Quiz C C 3. After Lincoln was assassinated, the new president, _____, adopted a plan to rebuild the South modeled after Lincoln's. A. Gordon Granger B. Andrew J. Hamilton C. Andrew Johnson D. James W. Throckmorton 4. Under the Presidential Reconstruction plan to rejoin the Union, each former Confederate state had to ratify the _____ Amendment, which abolished slavery throughout the nation. A.Eleventh B.Twelfth C.Thirteenth D.Fourteenth

Quiz A B 5. On June 19, 1865 a large Union force commanded by ____ arrived at Galveston to take control of the state and declare that all enslaved Texans were free. A. Gordon Granger B. Andrew J. Hamilton C. John B. Magruder D. Elisha M. Pease 6. To help former enslaved people, the U.S. Congress created the _____. A. black codes B. Freedmen's Bureau C. National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) D. provisional government

Quiz B D 7. President Andrew Johnson appointed _____, a former congressman who had to flee from Texas during the war, as provisional governor of Texas. A. Gordon Granger B. Andrew J. Hamilton C. Elisha M. Pease D. James W. Throckmorton 8. The voters of Texas approved the Constitution of 1866 and elected _____, a former Confederate general, as governor. A. Andrew J. Hamilton B. John B. Magruder C. Edmund Kirby Smith D. James W. Throckmorton

Quiz A A 9. The Texas Constitution of 1866 did not grant African American Texans equal rights, but it did _____. A. end slavery B. give them land C. give them the vote D. pay them reparations 10. The Texas legislature enacted laws called _____ that restricted the rights of freed people. A. black codes B. fugitive slave laws C. Intolerable Acts D. preventative measures