Biomes Foldable Click HERE to see a video on how to set this up. Biomes- Large geographical areas with similar abiotic factors (soil, water & climate) usually have similar biotic factors (plants & animals).

3 Day assignment Amount to complete each day: Day 1: first 2 terrestrial biomes Day 2: remaining 4 terrestrial biomes Day 3: all 3 aquatic biomes This will be a formative grade for completion.

Title the outside flaps with the following labels Terrestrial (land) Biomes: Tundra Taiga / Coniferous Forest Temperate Deciduous Forest Grasslands Deserts Tropical Rain Forest Aquatic (water) Biomes: Freshwater Marine Estuary (not a real biome)

Terrestrial Biomes - Outside of Flap Example Terrestrial Biomes Name of Biome Picture 1. There will not be a specific picture to draw. You can pick what picture you use: either one on this PPT or find one on Google. It should show features or organisms characteristic of this type of environment. Terrestrial Biomes - Outside of Flap 2.

Land Biomes - Inside of Flap Distinguishing characteristics: Climate: Temperature: Precipitation: Plants: Types: Adaptations Animals: Copy this on the inside flap of each of the 6 terrestrial biomes. Land Biomes - Inside of Flap Write the name of the biome in the margin Use the full section to record information. (ignore the vertical crease) Example

Read Only Use the following slides to fill in the required information on the inside of the foldable. There will be a few slides for each biome so use ALL of the slides to help you fill in the needed information per biome. Don’t forget to draw your pictures on the front of the flaps.

1. Tundra: View its location on the map.

Tundra Cold, dry region; cold desert Climate: Precipitation – 30 – 50 cm of rain/yr. Avg. temperature – summer 12˚C; winter -26˚C Slow decomposition due to cold temperatures. Polar tundras – found near the North Pole permafrost – layer of soil that stays frozen all the time; only the surface thaws Plants: shallow-rooted plants (grasses & small shrubs); mosses; lichens; no trees Animals: insects, migratory birds (ducks, geese, shorebirds & songbirds); hawks; owls; arctic hares; musk oxen; wolves; caribou; reindeer

Tundra (continued) Alpine tundra – top of tall mountains Also has permafrost Found above the “tree line” Gets plenty of sunlight & precipitation

2. Taiga/ Coniferous Forest: View its location on the map.

Taiga / Coniferous Forests aka: boreal forests Conifers – trees that produce seeds in cones; needles; aka: evergreen trees Climate: Precipitation - 35 – 75 cm of rain or snow/yr. Average temperature – summer 14˚ C, winter -10˚ C Plants: coniferous trees (Douglas fir, spruce); few large plants Animals: squirrels; insects; birds (finches, chickadees, jays); herbivores (porcupines, elk, moose, ); bears; foxes; lynx Migration & hibernation

3. Temperate Deciduous Forest: View its location on the map. Taiga

Temperate Deciduous Forests Deciduous – “to fall off” – trees that shed their leaves to save water during the winter or during the dry season Have 4 distinct seasons in a year (fall, winter, spring, summer) Climate: Precipitation – 75 – 125 cm of rain/yr. Average temperature – summer 28˚ C, winter 6 ˚ C Plants: deciduous trees (oaks, maples); ferns; mosses Animals: deer, bears, snakes, woodpeckers, chipmunks, opossums, mice, skunks

Temperate Deciduous Forest

4. Grassland/Prairie: View its location on the map.

Grasslands/ Prairie aka: steppes, prairies, savannas, pampas Found on every continent except Antarctica Temperate Grassland Climate: Precipitation – 25 – 75 cm of rain/yr. Average temperature – summer 30˚C; winter 0˚C Plants: grasses; flowering plants; few trees; crops – wheat, rye, barley, corn Animals: small, seed-eating animals (prairie dogs & mice); large grass-eaters (bison); kangaroos; cattle & sheep Savannas (Africa) Precipitation – 50 - 130 cm rain/yr. Average temperature – dry season 34˚C; wet season 16˚C Plants: scattered clumps of trees; grasses Animals: large herbivores (elephants, giraffes, zebras, wildebeests)

Grasslands/Prairie

5. Desert: View its location on the map.

Deserts Driest biome on Earth Climate: Plants: cacti Precipitation – less than 25 cm of rain/yr. Avg. temperature – summer 38˚C; winter 7˚C Temperature shifts from day to night Ex: Gobi desert in Asia – freezing temperatures in the winter Plants: cacti Adaptations – grow far apart; shallow roots; store water; waxy-coated leaves Animals: toads, tortoises, kangaroo rat, scorpions, few large animals; reptiles Adaptations – nocturnal (active at night); dormant during dry season; store water; big ears

Deserts

6. Tropical Rain Forest: View its location on the map.

Tropical Rain Forests Have more biological diversity that any other place on Earth Climate: Precipitation – 200 – 600 cm of rain/yr. Average temperature – daytime 34˚ C; nighttime 20˚ C Warmer than temperate rain forests due to location near the equator Plants: ferns, orchids, tall trees; low growing plants that don’t need much light Animals: birds (parrots); insects; snakes; frogs; monkeys; lizards canopy – tree tops

Tropical Rain Forests

Aquatic (Water) Biomes Title the flaps with the following 3 water biomes Freshwater Marine Estuary (not a biome)

Aquatic (Water) Biomes - Inside of Foldable Write the name of the biome in the margin Copy this on the inside flap of the corresponding aquatic biomes. Freshwater Marine Estuary List these 4, then READ (not write) what they mean

READ ONLY: Aquatic Communities Important Abiotic Factors: Climate of land biomes affect the aquatic biomes Water characteristics: water depth water temperature amount of sunlight amounts of dissolved oxygen & salt in water

1. Freshwater Examples of Freshwater Biomes Rivers & streams Lakes & ponds Wetlands (marshes, swamps, bogs)

Freshwater (continued) Why is shallow water important to plant life? It permits sunlight to shine through for photosynthesis providing more food for consumers.

Freshwater (continued) Examples of Producers: Algae Plants Examples of Consumers: Fish Frogs Insects (along shoreline) Snails Salamanders

Freshwater (continued) Adaptations: Still water: insects, snails, frogs, salamanders Moving water: Trout = streamlined bodies Frogs = suction cups to hold onto rocks

2. Marine Biomes (Saltwater Ecosystems) About 95% of the water on the surface of Earth contains high concentrations of salt. Examples: Oceans Seas Inland saltwater lakes

Marine Oceans contain many habitats. These habitats differ in: Sunlight amount Water temperature Wave action Water pressure

Marine Adaptations: Intertidal zone Need to withstand the pounding action of waves, sudden changes in temperature, & being covered with water & then exposed to air Barnacles & sea stars cling to rocks Clams & crabs burrow in the sand

Marine (for foldable) - Adaptations Neritic zone Shallow water permits photosynthesis for producers Schools of fish feed on algae Coral reefs in warm waters

Marine (for foldable) - Adaptations Surface zone (open ocean) Algae  photosynthesis Larger fish (tuna, swordfish) and whales depend directly or indirectly on algae for food

Marine (for foldable) - Adaptations Deep zone Dark! Some organisms produce light (glowing squid & the angler fish)

3. Estuary Estuary = found where freshwater of a river meets salt water of the ocean. An estuary is a rich habitat for living things because the shallow water for photosynthesis and large supply of nutrients carried by the river. Producers: marsh grasses & algae Consumers: crabs, worms, oysters & fish

Estuary

On the BACK of your foldable, answer this conclusion question… In 3 sentences, explain… How do biotic and abiotic factors affect biodiversity? Use specific examples from the biomes.