Chapter 16 Lessons 2 & 3 -Female Reproductive System -Male Reproductive System

In your journal… What is the female sex cell? What is the male sex cell? What determines the sex of a baby? What do you know about the male and female reproductive system?

Reproductive Systems – systems responsible for producing offspring Egg/ovum – female sex cell Always contributes x Sperm – male sex cell contributes x or y… determines sex of the baby Female = XXMale = XY

Internal Organs OvariesOvaries- female sex glands produce egg (ovum) produce estrogen and progesterone Born with about 200,000 eggs… 400 will mature during your lifetime

Fallopian Tubes – pair of tubes fingerlike projections that draw in the ovum pathway for egg pathway for egg carries egg to uterus carries egg to uterus Fertilization takes place (90%)

Uterus- pear shaped - egg implants in uterine lining - fetus grows Endometrium – lining of uterus Cervix- opening uterus to vagina

Implantation outside the uterus Implantation inside Fallopian tube called tubal pregnancy 1 in 50 pregnancies is ectopic

Cervix- opening uterus to vagina COMMON cause of cancer! Pap smear- test cervical cancer (OBGYN) once a year Vagina- Passageway to outside

Picture Female Reproductive System Fallopian tubes ovaries uterus

Review 1 answers

Vagina Cervix Ovum Uterine Lining Fallopian Tubes Uterus Ovary

Menstrual Cycle Days 1-8 -Menstrual flow Days New egg is maturing -Lining begins to thicken Day 14 -Ovulation – mature egg is released Days Egg travels through fallopian tube toward uterus -Fertilization may occur

Care Female Reproductive System Bathe Regularly Have regular medical exams, including self exams Practice abstinence

Chance of dying from breast cancer is about 1 in 36 Chance of a woman having invasive breast cancer some time during her life is about 1 in 8 Chances are high the disease will touch your life, or the life of someone you know.

One yearyear

Problems of the Female Reproductive System Cramps – avoid salt & caffeine light exercise help Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) – causes by hormonal changes anxiety, bloating, depression, fatigue, wgt gain exercise can help Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS) – bacterial infection – fever, sunburn like rash, muscle aches - low absorbency tampon - change tampons often

Infertility and other disorders Infertility – you cannot reproduce Endometriosis - uterine tissue grows in the ovaries, fallopian tubes, or the lining of the pelvic cavity. Vaginitis – bacterial infection (yeast infection, unusual discharge, odor, pain or itching STIs – abstinence is the only sure way to avoid STIs Ovarian Cysts- fluid filled sacs on ovary, small may disappear on their own and larger ones may be removed surgically. Cancers – cervical, uterine, ovarian

Summarizer… Get a text book. Open to page 457 Complete lesson review questions #1-5 Use the space provided in your study guide!!!

Male Reproductive Organs External Organs Penis – extends trunk of the body just above the testes Scrotum – external skin sac Hangs from the body hold testicles Temperature regulation

Male Reproductive System Internal Organs Testes – 2 small glands - sperm production - testosterone (hormone) Epididymis - sperm mature and are stored

Vas Deferens - tubes that extend from each epididymis to the urethra Seminal Vesicle -first stop fluid

Prostate Gland - more fluid - Common site of cancer - Rectal exam after 40/50 Cowper’s Gland - secrets more fluid -Prepares urethra Urethra - exit for semen & urine Semen Semen – thick fluid containing sperm and other secretions

Seminal vesicle Cowpers gland Seminiferous tubules testicle Urethra Penis Prostate Vas Deferens epididymis Scrotum

Care of Male Reproductive Systems Bathe Regular Check ups Protective equipment Testicular Self Exams Abstinence

Problems Male Reproductive System Hernia – intestine pushes through abdominal wall/scrotum - lifting heavy object - lump in groin area & pain Testicular cancer – ages common self-exam Prostate cancer – rectal exam after 50 Sterility – inability to reproduce

Summarizer… Get a text book. Open to page 451 Complete lesson review questions #1-6 Use the space provided in your study guide!!!