EU policy on charges for heavy goods vehicles Road vehicle taxation and common rules on annual taxes for heavy goods vehicles 16 April 2011

EU policy and principles Road vehicle taxation EU member states experience

Road infrastructure charges Directive 1999/62/EC on the charging of heavy goods vehicles for the use of certain infrastructures ("Eurovignette") (amendments 2006/38 and 2011/76) toll - means a specified amount payable for a vehicle based on the distance travelled on a given infrastructure and on the type of the vehicle comprising an infrastructure charge and / or external cost charge, user charge - means a specified amount payment of which confers the right for a vehicle to use for a given period the infrastructures referred to in Article 7(1)

Tolls and/or user charges on roads: does not discriminate against international traffic does not result in distortions of competition between operators Shall not be imposed both tall and user charges on vehicle for the use of a single road section Principles

Tolls and user charges shall be imposed: on users of the trans-European road network, or on parts of that network, or users of bridges, tunnels and mountain passes, on roads not included in the trans-European road network, inter alia on parallel roads to which traffic may be diverted from the trans-European road network and/or which are in direct competition with certain parts of that network

Road infrastructure charges User charge – time based Toll – distance based Air pollution Noise pollution Infrastructure chargeExternal cost charge

User charge

User charges shall be: Proportionate to the duration of the use of the infrastructure Annual rate Monthly rate no more than 10 % Weekly rate no more than 5 % Daily rate no more than 2 % Based on principle of recovery of infrastructure costs No higher than the maximum rates in Directive annex II Only annual rates for vehicles registered in that Member State

The amount of annual road user charges The daily user charge is equal for all vehicle categories and amounts to EUR 11 maximum three axlesminimum four axles EURO EURO I EURO II EURO III EURO IV and less polluting

Tolls

Infrastructure charge Weighted average infrastructure charge = Total revenue of an infrastructure charge over n period Number of vehicle km travelled on the road during n period It is related to or include: -Construction costs; -Costs of operating, maintaining and developing -Return on capital -Profit margin based on market conditions

Tolls shall be varied for the purpose of reducing congestion, minimising infrastructure damage and optimising the use of the infrastructure or promoting road safety Tolls variations according to : the EURO emission class; Strictest EURO emission class minimum level Other EURO emission class up to 100% higher the time of day, type of day or season; Peaks period with higher infrastructure charge do not exceed 5 h per day

External costs Air pollution formula

Air pollution costs Emission factor Differentiated damage cost estimation based on impact pathway approach Urban/ non-urban vehicle category emission standards External Air Pollution Costs = specific emission * Cost factor per pollutant Value for a life year lost: 50‘ ‘000 €

Air pollution costs Vehicle (€ ct / vkm) EURO-ClassMetropolitanMotorwaysAverage Car PetrolEURO ,4-2LEURO EURO EURO Car DieselEURO ,4-2LEURO EURO EURO TrucksEURO >32tEURO EURO EURO

External costs Noise pollution formula

Noise pollution costs € ct per vkmUrbanSuburbanRural Car MC Bus LGV HGV Passenger train Freight train

Existing charges in road transport No tolls, no vignetteCY, EE, FI, LV, MT Traditional Tolled Motorway for passengers and HGV EL, ES, IE, FR, IT, PT Various types of time based vignette for passenger and HGV HU, CZ, LT, SK, BG, PL, RO, BE, DK, LU, NL, SE Distance-based electronic road charging system for HGV AT, DE, CZ Urban congestion: urban tollsIT (Parma, Firenze, Ferrara, Reggio Emilia, Cesena,Bologna) MT (La Valette), SE UK (London)

Lithuanian vignette system

Road infrastructure charges In Lithuania a vignette system was implemented from 1 July 2007 Regulation: The following legal acts regulate the user charge (available only in Lithuanian): Law on Financing the Road Maintenance and Development Programme of the Republic of LithuaniaLaw on Financing the Road Maintenance and Development Programme of the Republic of Lithuania Government Resolution on the implementation of the provisions of the Law on Financing the Road Maintenance and Development ProgrammeGovernment Resolution on the implementation of the provisions of the Law on Financing the Road Maintenance and Development Programme Order of the Minister of Transport and Communications of the Lithuanian Republic On the Approval of Description of the Form of Vignettes, Requirements, Procedure of Acquisition and Use Thereof Order of the Minister of Transport and Communications of the Lithuanian Republic On the Approval of Description of the Form of Vignettes, Requirements, Procedure of Acquisition and Use Thereof

Categories - N1-N3 and M2, M3

Main roads A1 – A18

There are 4 types of vignettes: one day, week, month and year. One day vignette is valid for 24 hours from the start of the indicated term – 6 EUR One week vignette is valid one week 17 EUR for M2, M3 with up to 22 seats, N1 12 EUR if owner of vehicle N1-N3 is agricultural entities 26 EUR for N2, N3 and M3 having more than 22 seats One month vignette 43 EUR for M2, M3 with up to 22 seats, N1, N2 23 EUR if owner of vehicle N1-N3 is agricultural entities 52 EUR for N3 and M3 having more than 22 seats 72 EUR for N3 carrying 40 foot containers One year vignette 174 EUR for M2 and N1 260 EUR for M3, N2 and if owner of vehicle N2-N3 is agricultural entities 463 EUR for N3 and M3 having more than 22 seats 550 EUR for N3 carrying 40 foot containers Fine is EUR Vignettes collected amount to 25 mill. € per year

Czech toll system

In Czech Republic toll system was launched on January 1, 2007 and covered 970 km of motorways From 2012: km of motorways and 242 km of first class roads Toll is paid by all motor vehicles, incl. buses, with total weight above3,5 tons. Toll rates depend on the vehicle category (number of axles, vehicle emission class and time of journey) Average toll rate is 0,196 € per km for Motorways Average toll rate is 0,101 € per km for 1st roads class Fees collected amount to 125 mill. € per year

a) type of road - motorways and highways - roads of I. class b) type of vehicle - trucks and other vehicles over 3,5 t - buses category M2 and M3 c) time of journey - Friday 3 p.m. – 9 p.m. - rest of week d) emission class - EURO 0 – II; III – IV; V - e) number of axles - 2; 3; 4+ Toll rates divided acc. to:

Time based and distance based systems Toll Rates for Trucks [EUR/km] Friday 15:00 — 21:00 Emission Class EURO 0-IIEmission Class EURO III-IVEmission Class EURO V Axles Highways0,170,320,50,130,250,370,080,160,24 Roads0,080,160,220,060,120,180,040,080,11 Toll Rates for Trucks [EUR/km] in most of weekdays Emission Class EURO 0-IIEmission Class EURO III-IVEmission Class EURO V Axles Highways0,130,230,330,10,180,260,070,110,16 Roads0,060,10,160,050,090,120,030,050,08 Toll Rates for Buses [EUR/km] 2012 Emission Class EURO 0-IIEmission Class EURO III-IVEmission Class EURO V+ Highways 0,060,040,03 Roads Time / Weight 10 daysMonthlyAnnual to 3.5 t 12 EUR18 EUR60 EUR

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