The Age of Exploration EQ: How did the Age of Exploration change Europeans view of the world?

Ch. 33 The Age of Exploration Terms to Know 1.Explorers (p. 375) 2.New World (p. 375) 3.Ptolemy (p. 377) 4.Cartography (p. 377) 5.Longitude (p. 377) 6.Latitude (p. 377) 7.Caravel (p. 377) 8.Prince Henry (p. 378) 9.Bartolomeu Dias (p. 378) 10.Vasco da Gama (p. 378) 11.Pedro Cabral (p. 378) 12.Colony (p. 379) 13.Plantation (p. 379) 14.Christopher Columbus (p. 380) 15.Ferdinand Magellan (p. 380) 16.Strait (p. 380) 17.Circumnavigation (p. 381) 18.Hernan Cortes (p. 382) 19.Conquistadors (p. 382) 20.Francisco Pizarro (p. 383) 21.Epidemic (p. 383) 22.Inflation (p. 383) 23.John Cabot (p. 384) 24.Giovanni da Verrazano (p. 384) 25.Henry Hudson (p. 384) 26.Northwest Passage (p. 384) 27.Capitalism (p. 386) 28.Market Economy (p. 386) 29.Cottage Industry (p. 387) 30.Mercantilism (p. 387)

Gold, Glory, and God Gold: explorers wanted a direct route to the trade goods of Asia to cut out the Italians and Muslims and reap great profits for themselves. Glory: explorers wanted fame from discovering and conquering new lands. God: Catholics and Protestants wanted to convert pagans to Christianity.

Which map do you feel more accurately represents the Old World (Europe, Asia and Africa)?

Advances in Knowledge and Technology Cartography Ptolemy’s Guide to Geography translated to Latin in 1400s. Mercator’s improved lines of longitude and latitude. Caravels Compasses & astrolabes weapons

Portugal Begins the Age of Exploration 1418: Henry “the Navigator” opens navigation school and sends explorers down the coast of Africa. 1488: Bartolomeu Dias sails around the Cape of Good Hope. 1498: Vasco da Gama arrives in Calicut, India. 1500: Pedro Cabral sails to Brazil and onto India.

The Impact of Portuguese Exploration From Africa: gold and slaves From India: spices, porcelain, incense, jewels and silk Portuguese broke the Muslim/Italian monopoly on Asian trade causing prices to drop. Portuguese set-up colonies with plantations and slaves and converted populations.

Do you believe that the Portuguese explorations were beneficial to all of humankind?

Spain’s Early Explorations Ferdinand & Isabella sponsor voyages. 1492: Columbus sails west to reach the East; lands in New World. 1519: Magellan finds strait through New World; reaches Asia; is killed; but survivors make first circumnavigation of the Earth.

The Impact of Early Spanish Exploration Spain creates colonies and plantations in New World. Enslaved indigenous populations decimated by disease and starvation. African slaves replace deceased population.

Do you believe that the Spanish explorations were beneficial to all of humankind?

Reasons for the Spanish defeat of the Aztecs and the Inca Cortes and Pizarro take advantage of discord in each empire. Spanish have superior military weapons and technology: armor, horses, steel, and guns. Spaniards carry diseases unknown to the Americas.

The Impact of Later Spanish Exploration and Conquest Spain becomes one of the world’s richest and most powerful countries. Corn and potatoes cause population boom in Europe. Tobacco and chocolate introduced to Europe. Horses, cattle, sheep, and pigs introduced to New World. Much of Aztec and Inca culture lost. New World population decimated.

Did the Columbian Exchange (the exchange of goods, ideas, and people) favor the people of the Old World or New World? Or did both worlds benefit equally?

European Exploration of North America 1497: John Cabot claims Canada for England. 1524: Giovanni da Verrazano claims N. America coast from N. Carolina to Canada for France. 1609: Henry Hudson looks for a northwest passage; explores Hudson River for Netherlands.

The Impact of European Exploration of North America Colonies were slow to develop above Mexico because of the lack of treasure. Trading posts were set up for animal hides. Francis Drake begins attacking Spanish ships. England defeats Spanish Armada; ending Spain’s dominance.

The Impact of Exploration on European Commerce and Economies Growth of capitalism (an economic system based on investment of money for profit) Growth of market economy (an economy in which prices are determined by the buying and selling decisions of individuals in the marketplace) Rise of mercantilism (an economic policy by which nations try to gather as much gold and silver as possible by controlling trade and establishing colonies)

Two of the following terms capitalism, market economy and mercantilism apply to the United States today. Which two terms?