WONDERS OF ANCIENT EGYPT

Seven Wonders of Ancient Egypt Egypt is one of the earliest civilizations on Earth with over 3000 years of ancient civilization and over 2000 years of modern Egypt which is what we can see today. The civilization concentrated on the lower reaches of Nile River, which is the life force for the empire. Egypt is famous for its ancient civilization. It's also a top destination for some of the world's most famous sights and monuments. Get the scoop on the seven wonders of Egypt.

Great Pyramid of Giza The Great Pyramid of Giza is the oldest and largest of the 3 pyramids in the Giza Necropolis bordering Cairo, Egypt. It is the only remaining member of the Seven Wonders of the World and is believed to have been built as a tomb for Fourth Dynasty Egyptian Pharaoh Khufu, constructed over a 20 year period concluding around 2560 BC.

The Great Sphinx The Great Sphinx of Giza is a large half- human, half-lion statue in Egypt, on the Giza Plateau at the west bank of the Nile River near Cairo. The commonly used name "Sphinx" was given to it based on the Greek creature with the body of a lion, the head of a woman and the wings of an eagle, though this sphinx have the head of a man. Egyptologists believe the Sphinx represents the likeness of King Khafra, who is also credited as the builder. This would place the time of construction somewhere between 2520 BC and 2494 BC. However, limited evidence supporting this theory has made the idea of who built the Sphinx, and when, the subject of much debate.

The Lighthouse of Alexandria Also known as the Pharos Lighthouse, another of the Seven Wonders of the World. The Lighthouse at Alexandria is also known as the Pharos of Alexandria. The city Alexandria was named by Alexander the Great. It was one of 17 cities that he named after himself, but Alexandria was one of the few to survive. It is thought to have been constructed of limestone blocks. The lowest level of the lighthouse was 100 feet square and 240 feet high. The second level had eight sides and was about 115 feet tall. The third level was a 60 foot high cylinder that had an opening at the top to allow a space where the fire burned to light the way for sailors in the night. On top of this was a statue in honor of Poseidon, the god of the sea.

The Valley of the Kings It is a valley of tombs constructed for pharaohs and powerful nobles of New Kingdom of ancient Egypt for a period of nearly 500 years from 16th to 11th century BC. The valley is known to have more than 63 tombs and chambers including the tomb for Tutankhamun and Ramesses the Great which are decorated with scenes of Egyptian mythology. It is the most magnificent burial ground in the world with many precious treasures buried along the valley with the pharaohs and nobles.

Temple of Queen Hatshepsut It is situated beneath the cliffs at Deir el Bahari near the Valley of the Kings. Designed by the architect Senemut, this mortuary temple is dedicated to the Sun God, Amon-Ra. It employs a lengthy, colonnaded terrace tht deviates from the earlier centralized Mentuhotep temple. There are three-layered terraces measuring up to 97 feet tall. It is constructed in 1480 BC, over 3400 years ago.

Karnak Temple Complex It comprises a vast mix of ruined temples, chapels, pylons, and other buildings; notably the Temple of Amun with the Sacred Lake as part of the magnificent site. It is part of the monumental city of Thebes and is the main place of worship of the 18th Dynasty, Theban Triad with God Amun as its head. It is the largest ancient religious site in the world, built in over 3300 years ago. The most interesting feature of the site is the Great Hypostyle Hall in the Precint of Amun- Re, covering an area of 5000 metres square with 134 massive columns.

Temple of Ramesses 2, Abu Simbel It comprises two massive rock temples in southern Egypt which were originally carved out of the mountainside during the reign of Pharaoh Ramesses 2 in 13th century BC to commemorate his victory at the Battle of Kadesh. The great temple is relocated due to creation of Lake Nesser, artificial water reservoir. Four colossal statues of the pharaoh were erected as the front facade of the temple.

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