What is matter? Anything that has mass and takes up space. Everything around you.

What types of matter do you see?

How would you classify the matter in this picture?

Pure substance or a mixture? A sample of matter is either pure: – made up of only one kind of matter Mixture – made up of different kinds of matter.

Substance – Matter, either an element or compound, with the same fixed composition and properties (water) Pure Substance – Has a uniform and unchanging composition

Pure Substances Atom: –the smallest particle of an element

Pure Substances Element –has a fixed composition because it contains only one type of atom –No two elements contain the same atoms. –They are listed on the Periodic Table of Elements

Elements Most elements (100) are solids at room temperature (20°C). 11 are gasses. 2 are liquids. All elements are represented by symbols

Compounds/Mixtures Compound – – is a substance that can be broken down into simpler substances. The simpler substance is either are either elements or other compounds. –Ex. H 2 0 → H

Physical Property a characteristic of a material that can be observed or measured without changing the composition of the material

Physical Properties Extensive properties –Dependent upon the amount of the substance present –Mass, length, and volume Intensive properties –Independent of the amount of substance present –Density is the same is the same no matter how much is present

Physical Property Density (m/v) Color Odor Taste Hardness Melting point Boiling point

Physical Property Viscosity – Tendency of a liquid to keep from flowing. –Higher viscosity, slower the fluid moves.

Physical Property Conductivity – A materials ability to allow heat to flow.

Physical Property Conductivity – A materials ability to allow heat to flow.

Physical Property Malleability – the ability of a solid to hammered into sheets

Physical Property Hardness – Based on if one object can scratch another.

Physical Property Melting and Boiling Points- –M.P. – Solid to Liquid –B.P. – Liquid to Gas

Physical Properties Filtration – a process to separate materials based on their size Examples: coffee filters a screen to find artifacts at a historical site

Physical Properties Distillation – a process that separates substances in a solution by using their boiling points

Chemical Properties an ability of a substance to combine with or change into one or more other substances

Chemical Properties Flammability – a materials ability to burn in the presence of oxygen

Chemical Property Reactivity – the property that describes how readily a substance combines chemically with other substances

Sodium, reacting violently with water

Recognizing Chemical Change A chemical change –when a substance reacts and forms one or more new substances

3 Common Types of a Chemical Change 1.A change in color. 2.Production of gas. 3.Formation of a Precipitate.

–Precipitate is a solid that forms and separates from a liquid mixture.

Physical or Chemical