Introduction to Digital Video

Essential Question: How does understanding time based media effectively enhance the multimedia process?

Digital Video Digital vs. Analog Analog video uses a continuous electrical signal to capture footage on a magnetic tape. Examples would include VHS, 8mm. Digital videos are made up of 1’s and 0’s, binary format, that represent the video image which computers can read.

Digital Video Terms Capture: To record audio, video, or still images as digital data in a file. Frame: a single picture or still shot, that is one of many sequential images that make up video. Frame Rate: The number of video frames displayed per second (FPS). Higher frame rates generally produce smoother movement in the picture. NTSC Television: 24 fps (23.976). Worldwide standard for movie theater projectors and television. Many movies are now being shot at higher frame rates, such as 30 fps or 48 fps (HFR).

Digital Terms (Continued) Display Resolution: the number of pixels that can be displayed on a digital screen, usually quoted as width x height. (480p): 720 x480 NTSC DV (Television) and DVD standard. (720p): 1280 x 720 HD Video capable of high frame rates, but smaller dimensions than 1080p. (1080p): 1920 x 1080 HD Video with high resolution.

Phases of Video Production Preproduction Production Postproduction

Preproduction The events that take place prior to the actual shooting of the video. Idea Generation (Brainstorming) Producing ideas through spontaneous group discussion. Lets Brainstorm: As a class come up with ten ideas for a new comedy show that would target young people. Example: A show about a family can talk to their pets. Each pets personality fits their species: dogs are simple, cats are snotty, hamster is energetic. Script Writing The written text for your movie.

Preproduction (Continued) Storyboarding A sequence of drawings, with directions and sometimes dialog, that represents planned shots for a movie.

Preproduction (Continued) Casting - finding appropriate people to play the roles of the video Scouting Locations Look and feel Associated cost Lighting Permission Logistics Power Distance Parking A sequenced list of shots used to plan for production of a video

Production The actual shooting/recording of the video. Framing Shots/Field of View Shot Types: Wide, Medium, Tight Panning and Zooming Panning Zooming Audio Microphone Choice: On Board, Shotgun Mic, Boom Mic Lighting Natural vs. Artificial

Postproduction All events between production and creating the final version of the video. Capturing Video - importing video from the original recording device. Trimming Clips and Creating Sequences Clips: Small segments of a larger video. Trim: To hide parts of a file or clip without deleting them from the original source. Sequence: A variety of wide, medium, and tight video shots edited together to compress time, add interest, and help the viewer movie efficiently through a story. Timeline: Shows the components of the movie such as photos, video, audio clips and titles in the order and timing that they will appear in movie. Adding Titles and Graphics Rolling credits- Include cast and credits for sources

Three Types of Audio & Audio Effects Onboard Audio – Recorded during the video shoot. Soundtracks – a musical recording that accompanies and is frequently synchronized with a video. Sound Effects - Artificially created or enhanced sounds to emphasize content or enhance a creative point in a video. Narration – Audio of one or more people used to assist in the storytelling process.

Two Types of Effects Transitions: The visual movements as one picture, video clip, or title changes to another. Transitions are not applied directly to the clips, but are used to move from one to another. (Common: Cross Dissolve) Video Effects: Enable you to add special effects to your movie. An example would be adding a Film Age video effect to make your movie clip to look like that of an old time movie or making the video black and white.

Common Video File Types Exporting Common Video File Types.avi (Audio Video Interleave) Created by Microsoft; Uses less compression than MOV or MPEG; Supported by almost all computers using Windows.mov (Apple Movie) Developed by Apple Computer; Cross-Platform; Opens with Apple QuickTime.mp4 (MPEG-4) Developed by Moving Pictures Expert Group; Compresses well; Commonly used for the Internet.flv (Flash Video) Developed by Adobe Systems; Commonly used to deliver video over the Internet by using Flash Player; Used by YouTube, Hulu, VEVO, etc…

Question: A group of DECA students are recording audio clips of their most rewarding experiences with DECA to be played over various images for an upcoming membership drive. This is an example of: Narration Transition Video Effect Sound Effect

Question: A group of students are working on a Public Service Announcement for an upcoming contest. They have sketched a sequence of drawings outlining shots for their video. This is an example: Casting Brainstorming Storyboarding Script Writing

Question: Krista is setting up her camera on a tripod to record the sunset over the lake. She wants to ensure that the sun is captured appropriately according to the rule of thirds. What technique is Krista applying in her shot? Panning Zooming Framing Shot Type

Question: Robert is combining video clips with wide, medium and tight shots to create a visually interesting public service announcement. This is an example of a: Sequence Transition Clip Frequency

Question: A videographer is shooting a scene for an upcoming production, he slowly moves the camera from right to left following the action down the street. He is applying which techniqe in her shot? Panning Zooming Framing Shot Type

What have you learned? What is digital? What is analog? What is capture? Frame? Frame rate? What is display resolution? What are the phases of video production? What happens in each phase? What is idea generation? Storyboarding? What is common video file formats?

Assignment: 3.01 What Phase of Video Production 3.01 Introduction to Storyboarding: Choose one of four versions.

Assignment:

3.01 Public Service Announcement Project First Day: Planning and Research Second Day: Storyboard and start creating Video Third Day: Finish Video