Where Do Most People in SE Asia Live?

GPS SS7G11 The student will explain the impact of location, climate, physical characteristics, distribution of natural resources, and population distribution on Southern and Eastern Asia. –a. Describe the impact climate and location has on population distribution in Southern and Eastern Asia. –b. Describe how the mountain, desert, and water features of Southern and Eastern Asia have affected the population in terms of where people live, the types of work they do, and how they travel.

E.Q. How do location, climate, physical characteristics and distribution of natural resources impact the population distribution in SE Asia?

In your ISN, answer the following question? What do you think is important when choosing a place to live?

Vocabulary Monsoon: seasonal wind Semi-arid: partly dry Typhoon: tropical hurricane Border/Boundary: where 2 states or countries touch Climate: the weather over a long period of time Terrain: land Nomad: a person who travels from place to place Natural Resource: something found in the environment that people need and can use

Nearby oceans, mountains, deserts, latitude and wind patterns affect climate. How?

India: Many Types of Climate North: mountains (snow and ice) Middle: Deccan Plateau (hot and dry) South: coastal (steamy and hot) Border with Pakistan: hot, dry desert Ganges Plain: humid (steamy) and tropical

India Most people farm, so they live along the rivers and in fertile river valleys. Some of India’s largest cities are along the Ganges River or the coast. Fewer live in the Deccan Plateau.

India Climate is shaped by seasonal winds. –Winter: monsoons blow from the northeast and bring hot, dry air from the desert. –Spring and summer: monsoons blow from southwest and bring heavy rains from the ocean. Summer monsoons bring much-needed rain. But…sometimes they bring too much.

India People of India live their lives around the monsoons. When the monsoons are mild, they are able to farm the rich river valley soil and use the rivers for transportation and trade.

China: Many Types of Climates China is so large, it has nearly every kind of climate. –Mongolia, in the north, is semi-arid. –Deserts in the middle are harsh and dry. –High mountains in the south cut China off from India and block moisture from the Indian Ocean. –East and south: humid and tropical

China Most of China’s 1.3 billion people live where the climate is milder, in the river valleys where the land is fertile.

Japan’s Climate Island nation on far eastern edge of East Asia Climate is affected by ocean currents Japan Current (Kuroshio) comes from south – brings warm water to southern and eastern coasts (more farming) Oyashio Current comes from north – cools northern coast (more fishing)

Japan’s Climate Monsoon rains Tropical hurricanes called typhoons

North Korea’s Climate North Korea shares a border with China Short summers Long cold winters Mountainous Not as heavily populated as South Korea Like the northeast corner of China

South Korea’s Climate Fewer mountains Milder climate due to warm winds from the ocean Larger population than North Korea Many live in the largest city, Seoul (that’s what makes it large, I guess…) More farming than in North Korea

Vietnam’s Climate Further to the southeast Warmer and tropical Warm climate and river plains create rich farmlands 90% of the world’s rice is grown in Vietnam

CRCT Test Prep pages The climate of India is affected by seasonal winds called A.Hurricanes B.Monsoons C.Typhoons D.Tornadoes B. Monsoons

CRCT Test Prep pages Where do most of the people of India live? A.Southern coast B.Center of the country C.Northwest near Pakistan D.Along the great rivers and fertile valleys

CRCT Test Prep pages What is the best way to describe the climate of China? A.Hot and dry B.Mild and temperate C.Rainy and subtropical D.Combination of all of these

CRCT Test Prep pages Where do most Chinese live? A.In Mongolia to the north B.In the central hilly plateau region C.Area of the country with milder climates D.Around the Gobi and Taklimakan Deserts C. Area of the country with milder climates

CRCT Test Prep pages Which has a major effect on the climate of Japan? A.Ocean currents B.Monsoon rains from India C.Winds coming off the desert D.Cold air sweeping off large glaciers A. Ocean currents

CRCT Test Prep pages What is the best way to describe the climate and geography of North Korea? A.Mountainous and cool B.Large deserts, hot and dry C.Mostly river delta and tropical D.Mix of mountains and river valleys and mild temperatures A. Mountainous and cool

CRCT Test Prep pages Which type of climate makes Vietnam ideal for growing rice? A.Warm and tropical B.Dry and desert-like C.Colder due to winds from glaciers D.Bitter cold in winter, hot in summer A. Warm and tropical

India’s Physical Characteristics: Mountains 3 mountain ranges separate India from the rest of Asia –Hindu Kush –Himalayas –Karakoram For this reason, India is called a subcontinent KM80

India’s Physical Characteristics: Mountains Good: mountains have sometimes stopped invaders from the north who wanted India’s fertile river valleys. Bad: Sometimes invaders used natural mountain passes to enter India and take over.

Many of India’s large cities are in the fertile river valleys. Good: Rivers provide –Transportation –trade routes –Water for irrigation & drinking People move from rural areas to the cities to find work. Bad: Rivers provide easiest way to dispose of waste –human –industrial –animal Most cities have problems with –overcrowding –air and water pollution

China’s Physical Characteristics: a Variety of Climates and Terrains 2 deserts: –Gobi –Taklimakan The few who live here are nomads and animal herders.

Some parts of northern and western China have moderate climates and farming is possible Northeast (Huang He River Valley) is most populated –Beijing, China’s capital –industrial center of China China’s Physical Characteristics: a Variety of Climates and Terrain

Southeast: Along Yangtze River Valley –mainly farming region –Shanghai, China’s largest port city, is here Three Gorges Dam is here – world’s largest hydroelectric dam Rapid industrialization has been good and bad for China: –People find more work in the cities –Cities become overcrowded as people move from rural areas China’s Physical Characteristics: a Variety of Climates and Terrain

North Korea’s Physical Characteristics Mountains make farming more difficult Fast-flowing mountain rivers have been dammed to create hydroelectric power plants North Korea makes a profit mining coal, iron, copper, and other minerals Most people live on the western side –Mountains slope to the sea –farming is easier video

South Korea’s Physical Characteristics Less mountainous Much productive farmland Larger population than DPRK 25% of population lives in or near Seoul (capital) –markets –jobs –education Milder climate than DPRK because of ocean winds

Japan’s Physical Characteristics 80% is covered by mountains Very little land is suitable for farming Japan solves this problem by –Building terraces –Putting in irrigation channels –Using different fertilizers & farming techniques Japan still has to import food for its growing population

Japan’s Physical Characteristics: Volcanoes! Bad: Cause earthquakes – more than any other place in the world But -the Japanese have adjusted to the threat of earthquakes, though many are destructive Cause tsunamis Good: Hot springs around some volcanoes are used to heat water for people to use

Japan’s Physical Characteristics Japan does not have much arable land for farming. –Japanese depend on fishing for much of their food –Japan imports a lot of food from other countries Japan has a highly industrialized economy, but no gas or oil resources –They must import fuel

Natural Resources: Arable Land Rich farmland is one of the most valuable resources in SE Asia –All SE Asian countries depend on agriculture to feed their people –India & China have large areas of farmland Still have trouble producing enough food to feed their rapidly growing populations

Natural Resources: Coal India, China, North Korea, and South Korea have good supplies of coal. –Good: major fuel and energy source for countries’ economies –Bad: Major cause of air pollution Air pollution is one of the greatest environmental hazards facing SE Asia

Natural Resources: Minerals North & South Korea: lead, zinc South Vietnam: phosphates, oil Japan: almost no natural resources  –Depends on industry and trade to supply its population with what they need

CRCT Test Prep pages How have the mountain ranges in northern India affected the country’s development? A.A life in the mountains is so hard that no one lives there. B.The mountain ranges have prevented India from having any large cities. C.The mountain ranges have often protected India from northern invaders. D.Northern India has no large rivers because the mountains cut off the seasonal rains. C. The mountain ranges have often protected India from northern invaders.

CRCT Test Prep pages Why do so many of the people of India live in the Ganges River Valley? A.The river provides fertile soil for farming. B.The Ganges River is the only source of fresh water in India. C.There are few other places in India where people can find work. D.They live along the Ganges River to keep away from polluted industrial areas. A. The river provides fertile soil for farming.

CRCT Test Prep pages Why do most of the people of North Korea live in the western half of the country? A.The rest of North Korea is made up of desert. B.The area has more farmland and fewer mountains. C.There are fewer cities and less pollution in the west. D.There are no rivers in the mountains of North Korea. B. The area has more farmland and fewer mountains.

CRCT Test Prep pages Why do almost 25% of the people in South Korea live in and around Seoul? A.The climate is subtropical and warm year-round. B.The area around Seoul is protected from seasonal rains. C.Most of the rest of the land in South Korea is not suited for farming. D.The city provides markets, jobs, and education not available in rural areas.

CRCT Test Prep pages How have the farmers of Japan been able to raise crops in land that is very mountainous? A.They grow only those crops that do not need fertilizer. B.Farmers are limited to crops that do not need irrigation. C.They have built farming terraces along the mountain slopes. D.They raise crops only in the small valleys found between the mountain ranges. C. They have built farming terraces along the mountain slopes.

CRCT Test Prep pages How do the Japanese feed their people with so little good farmland? A.Many of the Japanese people starve each year. B.The Japanese depend on fishing and imported food. C.Tourists bring their own food when they visit from other countries. D.The Japanese sell oil to earn money to buy food from other countries. B. The Japanese depend on fishing and imported food.

CRCT Test Prep pages Which is an example of a natural resource? A.Factory B.Deposit of coal C.Irrigation canal D.Hydroelectric dam B. Deposit of coal

The following slides are optional for extension…

Population Density in SE Asia There are 5 physical criteria people consider when choosing (when they have a choice) where to live: near coasts near rivers and fresh water temperate ("C") climates flat terrain fertile soil

Three Favorable Environments Southeast Asia has approximately 546 million people. The population tends to be clustered: 1. in the valleys and deltas of Southeast Asia’s major rivers 2. on volcanic soil on the islands of the Pacific rim's "ring of fire” 3. in regions that were once part of colonial plantations on the Malay peninsula

What to do: Use the maps in this PowerPoint and the population maps to find out why people live where they do in SE Asia. Pay attention to where the people seem to be clustered and figure out why.

Rainfall Measured in mm. (1 inch is about 25 ½ mm)

Landforms CITIES

Agriculture CITIES

Climate CITIES

River Valleys CITIES

Ring of Fire (fertile soil from volcanic ash)

Issues to Consider: Tall mountains and tropical rainforests with poor soil make farming hard, so fewer people live there. Mountains block other countries from invading by land.

Essay: Why Do People Live Where They Do? Explain how mountains, ocean currents, rivers, coasts, mild climates, level ground, and fertile soil affect where people in southern and eastern Asia live. Use complete sentences.