World War I Test Review

Define 1. Militarism: a policy of aggressive military preparedness 2. Nationalism: loyalty and devotion to a nation 3. Neutrality: to not choose a side; used by the U.S. to stay out of World War I

4. Draft: to select a person at random for mandatory military service 5. Propaganda: the spreading of ideas about an institution or individual for the purpose of influencing opinion 6. Deport: to expel an individual from the country

7. Espionage: spying, especially to gain government secrets 8. Reparations: payment by the losing country in war to the winner for the damages caused by the war 9. National Self Determination: the free choice by the people of a nation of their own future political status

10. Convoy: a group that travels with something, such as a ship, to protect it 11. Armistice: a temporary agreement to end fighting 12. Contraband: goods that were prohibited from shipment from the United States to Germany or its allies

13. Red Scare: fear that Communism might seize power in the U.S Points: Wilson’s peace plan after WWI 15. Zimmerman Telegram: proposed that Mexico become an ally of Germany in event of war between the U.S. and Germany

Short Answer 1. List and explain the 4 Long Term causes of World War I. Militarism – building up of the military Alliances – many countries tangled together due to an alliance system Imperialism – expansion, including gaining colonies Nationalism – love and devotion to ones country

17. What was the immediate cause of World War I? the assassination of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria - Hungary 18. What countries were part of the Central Powers? Germany, Austria – Hungary, Turkey ( Ottoman Empire ) 19. What countries were part of the Allied Powers? Great Britain, France, Russia, the United States

20. Why was trench warfare used during WWI? the war was in a stalemate, troops dug in to protect themselves from artillery fire 21. Explain the Selective Service Act. required men to register for military service to be drafted for war 22. Why did the Federal Government sell war bonds? to raise money for the war effort at home

23. What was the job of the Committee on Public Information? to “sell” support for World War I to the American people 24. How did the Espionage and Sedition Acts affect freedom of speech in the U.S.? restricted Freedom of Speech by allowing the government to silence ideas that challenged its authority 25. What was established by the U.S. to help mobilize for war? special boards so that the government could control the economy – War Industries Board, Food Administration

26. What are “victory gardens”? the federal government encouraged Americans to grow victory gardens to conserve food and grow their own vegetables. 27. Describe the Great Migration. movement of African Americans from the South to Northern cities

28. How did American citizens and businesses help in the war effort? American citizens bought war bonds, planted victory gardens and many worked in war industries to produce goods for war American businesses begin paying an income/business tax, produced goods for the war, rather than for consumer use 29. What was the goal of the von Schlieffen Plan? to drive quickly through Belgium and into France; wanted to knock the French out of the war as quickly as possible 30. List the new weapons developed during WWI. tanks, airplanes, submarines ( U boats ), machine guns, poison gas

31. What were some of the problems with the Treaty of Versailles? unfair to Germany not all countries were invited to discuss/approve the Treaty not approved by the U.S. 32. How did the Treaty of Versailles negatively affect Germany? Kaiser was removed from power Germany was forced to accept blame for WWI forced to pay reparations for war damages had to reduce their military and colonies land from Germany was taken away to create new nations 33. How did Americans want to avoid future wars avoid involvement in foreign affairs