June 3, 2010 Hand in your “book” Study until 12:35 Quiz- hand in when finished Work on Food Poisoning Handout

1 st Eukaryotic Kingdom Greek: protist = the very 1 st Different from Prokaryote Ancestors because they had a nucleus and organelles with membranes around them What is a protist?

The Protist Kingdom -more than 200,000 species -all are eukaryotes -Miscellaneous kingdom -not plants, not fungi, not animals, not bacteria = protists -Most protists are unicellular but some are multicellular! -Many are microscopic. -Some can grow up to 70 meters long like kelp! -UNITED STREAMING CLIP

The Protist Kingdom 3 main groups based upon how they get energy 1. animal-like (protozoa) heterotrophs 2. plant-like autotroph/photosynthesis 3. fungus-like absorb food from dead things

Animal-Like Protists 4 Animal-Like Protist Phyla Classified based on how they move 1. Phylum Ciliophora – Ciliates 2. Phylum Sarcodina – Sarcodines 3. Phylum Apicomplexa – Sporozoans 4. Phylum Zoomastigina – Zooflagellates

Phylum Ciliophora (ciliates) ~7,000 species - Movement: short, hair like cilia - Eating: cilia sweep food into oral groove/mouth - Reproduction: asexual and sexual - Found in: oceans, waters, lakes, rivers, mud - Examples: stentor and paramecium

Phylum Ciliophora – Ciliates

NUTRITION & DIGESTION eats = bacteria and algae cilia  oral groove  gullet  Food vacuole/enzymes  diffuse into cytoplasm WASTE = out the anal pore Example: Genus Paramecium

MAINTAINING HOMEOSTASIS - live in hypotonic environment - water constantly enters paramecium by OSMOSIS - 2 to 3 contractile vacuoles: GET RID OF H 2 O -ACTIVE TRANSPORT! Example: Genus Paramecium

Phylum Sarcodina (sarcodines) ~ 10,000 species -Movement: pseudopods (psuedo = fake, pod = feet) -Eating: pseudopods wrap around food, endocytosis! -Reproduction: asexual -Found in: mostly salt water, muddy, moist areas -Example: amoeba -SOME ARE PARASITES! -Also called Rhizopods

Phylum Sarcodina (sarcodines) Example: Genus Amoeba NUTRITION & DIGESTION - eats = bacteria & smaller protists - cytoplasm/false feet engulfs food - creates food vacuole - enzymes help break down WASTE = diffusion through cell membrane

Phylum Apicomplexa (Sporozoans) Movement = noneMovement = none Eating = parasites (need host)Eating = parasites (need host) Reproduction = asexual and sexualReproduction = asexual and sexual –Spores = reproductive cells that form without fertilization Waste = diffuse through plasma membraneWaste = diffuse through plasma membrane Found in = anywhereFound in = anywhere Example = Genus PlasmodiumExample = Genus Plasmodium Lack contractile vacuolesLack contractile vacuoles

Example: Malaria Example: Malaria disease caused protist passed by mosquitoes Malaria 1 Malaria 2 Malaria 3 1. Phylum Apicomplexa (Sporozoans)

Phylum: Apicomplexa (Sporozoans) Phylum: Apicomplexa (Sporozoans)  Sad Sad Statistics  # of people that died in the tsunami of 2004 # of people die each month from malaria 165,000 people 165, 000 people

Phylum Zoomastigina (zooflagellates) Movement = flagella Eating = most are parasites Eating = most are parasites Reproduction = asexual Reproduction = asexual Found in = anywhere Found in = anywhere Example = Genus Example = Genus Trypanosoma 1. American sleeping sickness 2. East African sleeping sickness 3. West African sleeping sicknessTrypanosoma