VEOC Vertical Electro – Optical Cable and BEOC Breakout Electro – Optical Cable 1 Development Status F19 F18 F1 F20 S2 S1 B KM3NeT General meeting Jelle Hogenbirk e.a. Amsterdam

The Backbone or VEOC function and parts Function (PPM): Electrical power transport to all connected DU’s and sensors Point to point bidirectional data communication from all DU’s and sensors to shore and v.v. Main parts (PPM): VEOC = Vertical Electro-Optical Cable BEOC = Breakout Electro-Optical Cable OFM = Optical Fan-out Module 2 KM3NeT General meeting Jelle Hogenbirk e.a. Amsterdam

PBOF Cable prototype I Bulkhead connector on both ends and 3 Breakouts at every 25 m 100 m main cable, tube cross section 1.0 inch / 25 mm Bulkhead connectors at both ends of the cable: 40 pole optical connector (equipped with 40 optical fibres) 3 fibres are routed from bulkhead connectors to breakout connectors 6 Cu connections in center equipped with 3x twisted pair CU 3 breakouts connectors (3x) : 2 optical fibre 2 CU 3 KM3NeT General meeting Jelle Hogenbirk e.a. Amsterdam

PBOF Cable prototype I test results Prototype (100 m) designed, realized and delivered by Seacon, cable tested with good results on 500 Bar. Bulkhead Connectors (for test purposes only) failed by bad design and afterwards again by poor workmanship of a 3th party optical connector manufacturer Optical fibre on 500 Bar pressure and twisted pair Cu wiring on500 Bar pressure maintained its functional parameters. Optical parameters were tested with 30 x 100m fibre length: Optical attenuation on secondary coated fiber PMD (Polarization Mode Dispersion) was measured No significant PMD variations were measured However the cross-section of this cable is to wide in order to keep DU drag under control 4 KM3NeT General meeting Jelle Hogenbirk e.a. Amsterdam

PBOF Cable prototype IIa 200 m main cable, tube cross section 1/4 inch or 6.25 mm No breakouts Bulkhead connectors at both ends of the cable: 25 pole optical connector equipped with 13 optical fibres 2 Cu connections in center equipped with 2 CU wires 5 KM3NeT General meeting Jelle Hogenbirk e.a. Amsterdam

PBOF Cable prototype II test results Prototype (200 m), Fibre specifications tested with good results at 600 Bar In both the cable part connectors one fibre broke away from ferrule 6 KM3NeT General meeting Jelle Hogenbirk e.a. Amsterdam Possible causes: Despite of all: still air enclosed in connector housing (poor air escape) Broken fibre relatively to short and didn’t withstand deform of connector housing under pressure Possible solution: Mount a fibre tray for fibre storage that gives slack to a suspected fibre near by the connector. 100% secured air escape in assembly

KM3NeT General meeting Jelle Hogenbirk e.a. Amsterdam T W T is: We intend not to use the multi position connectors we tested in the DU. They were only mounted for test reasons. The connectors for the DU are dry mateble connectors at each breakout Containing 2 electrical contacts and 2 fibre contacts Suppliers: Seacon LMG-series / Micro-Mini Hydro groupHDM series Gisma10 series Souriau8810 series SubconMicro series Teledyne Deutz

KM3NeT General meeting Jelle Hogenbirk e.a. Amsterdam The Weird Thing is: We intend not to use the multi position connectors we tested in the DU. They were only mounted for fibre test reasons. The connectors for the DU are dry mateable connectors at each breakout The connectors contain 2 electrical contacts and 2 fibre contacts (only 1 needed) Suppliers: Seacon LMG-series / Micro-Mini Hydro groupHDM series Gisma10 series Souriau8810 series SubconMicro series Teledyne Deutz

VEOC constraints F19 F18 F1 F20 S2 S1 B 2 Identical VEOC’s are running left and right in the bar-tower in order to give functional redundancy and optimized stability. (among: launching and balanced drift character) The 2 VEOCs are united on the foot of the DU to a single connector. OFM (Optical Fan-out Module) is situated between floor 9 and 10 Electrical power distribution for entire VEOC: 2 CU wires transporting 400 V 180 W max, tapped at each storey (power bus) Optical fibre routing inside DU star configuration: 11 fibres from OFM to 11 top DOM’s 9 fibres from OFM to 9 lower DOM’s 1 or 2 fibres from OFM to anchor resp. for Rx/Tx combined fibre or for a separated Rx and Tx fibre Mechanical: Resistant to a 60 MPa environment pressure Cable cross section to be minimized for reducing drag forces to the DU Floor interval 40 m, yields a m rope interval and ~44 m VEOC interval The DU’s anchor is about 100 meter away fro the first DOM bar. 9 KM3NeT General meeting Jelle Hogenbirk e.a. Amsterdam

VEOC BEOC Floor x A: 2 x Cu and max. 11 x SMF B: out: 2 x Cu and 1 x SMF C: in: 2 x Cu (400V), 1 x SMF out: 2 x Cu (12V), 1 x SMF 2 x Cu (xV), 2 x Cu(Signal) D: 5 x Cu, 1 x SMF E: 2 x 11 SMF (TBD) F: Anchor 2 Cu and 1 or 2 SMF (TBD) Cable routing and conductor count BEOC Floor x + 1 Section BOB DOM VEOC DOM IBOB* IBOB = Intermediate Break Out Box for PPM only Floor x + 1 Floor x Floor x + 1 OFM A B C D E F A B C D F 10 KM3NeT General meeting Jelle Hogenbirk e.a. Amsterdam

Break Out Box PPM H G 44m H: 2xCu and max. 11xSMF G: out: 2xCu and 1xSMF VEOC BOB The VEOC and BEOC are carried out with routing tubes and are filled afterwards with oil. This technology is well proven in ROVs and Submarines (among the Nautile) This technology is known as PBOF (Pressure Balanced Oil Filled) Pressure tests for KM3Net are upto 60 kPa details still TBD 11 KM3NeT General meeting Jelle Hogenbirk e.a. Amsterdam

BEOC Breakout Electric Optic cable synonym for DOM to VEOC umbilical 0.3m 1m A B D C E F 2 twisted pair to a satellite (TBD) details still TBD D: Dry mateable connector on IBOB 2x Cu signaling (tbd) 2x Cu 24 V E: in tube: 2 electrical wires (1 TP) 1 optical single mode fibre F: Dry mateable connector to VEOC: 2 electrical wires (1 TP) 1 optical single mode fibre IBOB* A: Penetrator (Pressured!) 6 electrical wires (3 TP) 1(2) optical single mode fibre B: Tube: in: 2xCu (400V), in_out: SMF28 out: 1xCu (12V), in: 2xCu(Signal) C: IBOB*5xCu, 1xSMF 12 KM3NeT General meeting Jelle Hogenbirk e.a. Amsterdam

Tapered penetrator design details of the BEOC A B The electrical PCB (Printed Circuit Board) is for mounting the Cu wires and their feedthrough Fiber (1m length) glued in its inox caliper tube afterwards this assembly is glued in 1.0 mm hole in the PCB 1.00 mm xx Drawing xx Cable part as PBOF or solid PBOF, LDPE tube xx mmOD, xx mmID 1(2) fibers type 28SMF (one part with part F) 6 wires; Red12 V Black0 V Redx V Black0 V + scrn s1,s2 Greens1 (TP with s2) Greens2 PCB glued into penetrator After mounting feedthrough part, All wires are terminated on the solder parts Tapered penetrator (titanium) 13 KM3NeT General meeting Jelle Hogenbirk e.a. Amsterdam

Mechanical Test Five titanium solid conical plugs are distributed over the halve part of a glass sphere For safety reasons 80 % of the sphere is filled with water The sphere is submerge in the NIOZ pressure tank. 1 > 600 Bar in 25 min Test Pressure 600 bar for 1 hour. 600 > 1 Bar in 20 min After removing the sphere out of the tank the conical feedthrough holes in the glass were inspected - 4 Holes showed no damage at all. - 1 Hole showed a blister on its edge, but effect is explained and understood Tapered penetrator mechanical leak test details of the BEOC A 14 KM3NeT General meeting Jelle Hogenbirk e.a. Amsterdam

16 Optical Fibers Silicon Seal Glass Epoxy Plate Conical Plug Test flange Hera pressure vessel Mechanical test with Penetrator with 1x SMF + 5 x Cu on 600 Bar Penetrator with 16 x SMF, 3 weeks on 600 Bar Tapered penetrator internal feedthrough details in BEOC A 15 KM3NeT General meeting Jelle Hogenbirk e.a. Amsterdam

IBOB (Intermediate Break Out Box) details 1 (under construction) Material: HDPE housing and is part of PBOF-system The IBOB contains: Fiber storage in fibre tray Cu wire attachment, DC/DC converter 400V-24 V, C 16 KM3NeT General meeting Jelle Hogenbirk e.a. Amsterdam

IBOB details 2 Dc-Dc convertor The Dc-Dc convertor is tested under 600 Bar It doesn’t show differences in operating parameters 17 KM3NeT General meeting Jelle Hogenbirk e.a. Amsterdam

IBOB details 3 dry mateable connector examples D F Dry mateable connector, 3(4) positions 2xCu, 1(2)xSMF SeaconMicro/mini Hydro groupHDM series Gisma80 series Example of Seacon Micro-Mini CON Dry mateable bulkhead connector, 4 positions Cu SeaconLMG-series / Micro-Mini Hydro groupHDM series Gisma10 series Souriau8810 series SubconMicro series Teledyne Deutz 18 KM3NeT General meeting Jelle Hogenbirk e.a. Amsterdam

Cable oil fill setup worked correctly and fine 19 KM3NeT General meeting Jelle Hogenbirk e.a. Amsterdam m segments were filled in parallel In < 1.00 hrs Attention: air enclosures must be avoided.

Press. Test syst. Penetrator design proto tests DC/DC design production tests specs Tube behavior Oil behavior VEOC PPM production integration Situ test Global planning VEOC realization Tube filling Connector Breakout OK fiber wires NIOZ test storage OK upgrade Tank test specs DU specs Connector production tests ordering Tube tempering NIOZ test 2 20 KM3NeT General meeting Jelle Hogenbirk e.a. Amsterdam

Pending 1.OFM definition 2.BEOC / VEOC definition 3.External sensor connections 4.Penetrator specification for DOM OFM 5.DU specification length on bar length DOM-BOB 21 KM3NeT General meeting Jelle Hogenbirk e.a. Amsterdam

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