Nigeria: Niger-Delta Rebellion. The Conflict In Nigeria, there is a delta in the south The delta is basically an area of land that is exploited for oil.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
The Age of Imperialism Chapter Eleven
Advertisements

New Imperialism Ask what would be the benefits for a country to control another country? Would there be any drawbacks or what would be difficult about.
African Nationalist Movements
African Nationalist Movement
Unit 2— Africa’s Nationalist & Independence Movements!
Unit 2— Africa’s Nationalist & Independence Movements!
Modern World History Chapter 11, Section 2 Imperialism Case Studies
By: Kyle, Rachel, and Jackson 6 th period 1/13/09.
KATEY GOLDSTROHM BLOCK 3 10/29/10 Imperialized Nigeria.
Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe. Meet the Author: Chinua Achebe  Born in Ogibi, Nigeria  Raised with traditional values of Ibo (Igbo) culture, mixed.
Nigeria: History and Economy. Nigeria: History There are a large number of ethnic groups in Nigeria Nigeria was once ruled by the British (2 colonies)
Warm-Up: 1. What do you already know about the history of Africa? Unit 6: History of Africa SS7H1 The student will analyze continuity and change in Africa.
UNIT 9 Chapter 27 – The Age of Imperialism
Western Imperialism BY DAVID LOPEZ
NIGERIA Part 1. conflict in the Niger Delta –MEND (Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta) –goal: greater oil profits should go to people of.
Review!!! Good Luck!!. The Berlin Conference in 1884…(hint…what did “they” do?)  Gave African nations their independence.  Divided African nations among.
The Geopolitical and Environmental Impact of Changes in Patterns and Trends in Oil Nigeria’s Case Study IB Geography I.
The Road to Independence
Colonialism in Nigeria Jenna Ward. Nigeria in the 1900s.
THE COLONIZATION OF NIGERIA. WHO TOOK NIGERIA'S INDEPENDENCE FROM THEM? During the scramble for Africa, Nigeria's major ports and oil abundance made it.
Africa: From Colonization to Independence. Directions Directions: Create the Chart on your sheet of paper. Title the chart: African Independence Chart.
25.2.  European nations explored Africa in the late 1800s and learned that:  It is about four times the size of Europe  It was very diverse and included.
-JOYCE ORTEGA -ANA LUCIA PACHECO. For many years, the West African region known as the Gold Coast had been a British colony. The Gold Coast had been ruled.
Government Country Comparison of Kenya and South Africa.
Europeans embark on a new phase of empire building that affects both Africa and the rest of the world.
Review from last week… Using your chart last week, write a paragraph in IAN on which group benefited the most from the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade?
Unit 2— Africa’s Nationalist & Independence Movements!
The Federal Republic of Nigeria: Colonialism to Modern Country
 Nigeria contains more historical cultures and empires than any other nation in Africa dating back to 5 th Century AD  The first people of Nigeria.
India. India: Thinking back What do you remember about India from what we learned before Christmas Break? Write it down in your notes..
Nigeria: Niger-Delta Rebellion. The Conflict In Nigeria, there is a delta in the south The delta is basically an area of land that is exploited for oil.
European Imperialism in Africa Devastation of Racism 1.
In the 1600s, the British and the Dutch colonized South Africa – developed own national identity and were called Boers. Boers were not friendly towards.
South Africa, Kenya, & Nigeria
Europeans Establish Colonial Claims in Africa January 27, 2006.
In the 1600s, the British and the Dutch colonized South Africa – developed own national identity and were called Boers. Boers were not friendly towards.
Nigeria. Genesis And the wife of the colonial governor said, “Let’s name it after the Niger River” and it was good. And the wife of the colonial governor.
Africa Since the End of Colonialism. Artificial Boundaries  the ___________ Conference set rules for how Europe would divide Africa. This event.
World War I H-SS Analyze the political, economic, and social ramifications of World War I on the home front.
IMPERIALISM. FORMS OF IMPERIALISM  Colony  Settler- When Europeans move in and control the country from both military and political perspectives  Dependent-
End of British Empire Timeline
Partitioning of Africa
South Africa, Kenya, & Nigeria
Imperialism!.
Nigerian Economic Development!!!
Unit 2— Africa’s Nationalist & Independence Movements!
Colonization of Africa
IMPERIALISM.
African Historical Understandings
South Africa, Kenya, & Nigeria
European Partitioning Across Africa
Africa’s Independence Movements
Pan-Africanism and Independence Movements
The Road to Independence
The Federal Republic of Nigeria: Colonialism to Modern Country
South Africa, Kenya, & Nigeria
Nigeria's Colonization by Great Britain
11.2 Case Study: Nigeria.
European Partitioning Across Africa
Imperialism WHII.9d, e.
Formation of the Modern Middle East
South Africa, Kenya, & Nigeria
Chapter 11 Section 2 Imperialism
Formation of the Modern Middle East
South Africa, Kenya, & Nigeria
Imperialism Around the World
Independence of Africa
Imperialism.
Africa’s Independence Movements
South Africa, Kenya, & Nigeria
Presentation transcript:

Nigeria: Niger-Delta Rebellion

The Conflict In Nigeria, there is a delta in the south The delta is basically an area of land that is exploited for oil The government teams up with oil companies and runs the delta People there are extremely poor and lack Federal Ministries They have no basic necessities such as plumbing, roads, and electricity

The Conflict The delta produces 90 percent of the country’s oil The leading oil company is Shell However, the government, teamed up with the foreign oil companies, reaps all of the wealth gained There is corruption in the government- officials have secret oil block distribution The government cares more about oil than its suffering people This has fueled resentment in the Niger-delta region

The Conflict Temporary political machines are created to ease the crisis, but they are not genuine. Funds from the region go elsewhere. (Again, corrupt government…) Oil spills, gas, and flares make for bad living conditions for the people in the Niger-Delta region. Very strange “Rule of Law” where people get in trouble for dumb reasons

The Conflict This long-term resentment has led to organized, violent actions There is also resentment between groups competing for oil jobs The spread of the rebellion puts Nigeria on the brink of war Nigerian government set up “intimidating” military forces the rid the area of the rebelling groups

The Conflict There are rebel groups that organize strikes Ex: MEND, Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta They have strikes, robberies, blow up pipelines, torch villages, attack creeks, and hold people for ransom

The Conflict All of the violence and long term resentment puts the people of the Niger-Delta region on the brink of war with foreign oil companies and their own government

Back It Up… Colonial Roots Previous to the Berlin Conference, Britain had interest in regions of Nigeria. In the scramble for Africa, it was determined that the area that makes up current Nigeria belongs to Britain. The delta was established as the Niger Coast Protectorate. Around 1900, the Niger Coast Protectorate was expanded and called Southern Nigeria. Frederick Lugard was made commissioner/commander-in-chief of the northern Nigeria protectorate. He was not welcomed with open arms by the Africans (rulers specifically) Lugard established chief rulers for small regions in the northern protectorate (indirect rule). Lugard combined the northern and southern protectorates of Nigeria in 1914 and was appointed governor of both. The new region became known as the Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria

Back It Up… Colonial Roots After WW1, the British got two thin strips of Cameroon (Germany ’ s colony that was invaded by Britain/France) that are now part of eastern Nigeria. By 1951, after WW2, Nigeria was split into 3 parts- northern, eastern, and western; each with its own house of government. In 1957 a federal prime minister was elected and a real government was formed (each region got their own internal self-government). Independence from Britain was granted in October of 1960.

Back It Up… Colonial Roots Basically, Britain left tensions between the regions up to Nigeria. The hostilities became a big issue in Nigeria. Most of the population inhabited northern Nigeria. Tensions boiled between 1962 and Midwest region established in The eastern region rebelled and assassinates the federal prime ministers and the leaders of the northern and western regions Many people were massacred in the north.

Back It Up… Colonial Roots A new leader emerged, Yakubu Gowon, who made Nigeria into 12 states. That increased the already intense hostilities. One of the states decided to break off into an independent nation, the Republic of Biafra. A devastating civil war insued, with the US and Britain supporting the federal government and France supporting Biafra. Biafra suffered greatly, surrendered, and no longer exists. Today the tensions between regions that Britain left behind are still prevalent. Britain did not leave behind any economic developments, which is ironic because of the great wealth they took from the oil reserves.

Foreign Influence Western oil companies started the conflict. (Shell, Royal Dutch, Chevron, etc.) They have polluted the water sources, but allow workers to get clean water supply, while the people of the delta are without running water, electricity, and air conditioning. The US and UK governments have been accused of caring more about making sure they get oil than developing the Niger Delta. (UK has continued to have a strong foothold in Nigeria even after independence. During the Cold War, the US was Nigeria’s biggest trading partner because they bought oil in bulk.

Foreign Influence 90% of Nigeria’s foreign revenues come from oil exports. The U.S. buys 44% of Nigeria’s oil and four U.S. oil companies are drilling in Nigeria. 5% to Canada, and the remaining 51% to Europe (recently started exporting to China, Ghana, Jamaica, and Kenya) Nigeria enhanced its position and influence in Africa by providing oil to other African countries.

Foreign Influence Nigeria has remained a key player in the international oil industry since the 1970s, and maintains membership in Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries-OPEC Nigeria, like many 3 rd world countries, built up a lot of foreign debt. The Paris Club reached an agreement that reduced Nigeria’s debt by 60%. Paid off 40 % with oil.