XTINGUISHER Fire Safety & Fire Extinguisher Use

Objectives Refer to POST Performance Objectives Understand the combustion process and different fire classes Understand fire extinguisher types, operating procedures Understand basic firefighting concepts: R.A.C.E. P.A.S.S. Fire Safety & Fire Extinguisher Use

The Combustion Process Fire Safety & Fire Extinguisher Use Three components Need all three components to start a fire Fire extinguishers remove one or more of the components.

Fire Classes A Trash Wood Paper C Electrical Equipment B Liquids Grease COMBUSTIBLE METALS D wood paper cloth etc. gasoline oil grease other solvents computers fax machine other energized electrical equip. magnesium sodium potassium titanium other flammable metals

Fire Classes (cont.) K Cooking Media Recently recognized by NFPA 10 Fires involving combustible oils, lards and fats in commercial cooking. CLASS K FIRES

Halon Halon fire extinguisher is important device to have, especially for emergency situations. It contains a gas that interrupts the chemical reaction that takes place when fuels burn. Halon fire extinguisher is often used to protect valuable electrical equipment since they leave no residue.Halon fire extinguisher Such on expensive computers, server rooms, etc. Since Halon manufacturing was banned, a hunt has been on for something that works as well. According to the Halon Alternatives Research Corp., more than 20 different kinds of alternatives exist as direct replacements. Halon Replacement Those categories are inert gases and halocarbon compounds.

Fire Extinguisher Anatomy DISCHARGE HOSE DISCHARGE NOZZLE DISCHARGE ORIFICE BODY DATA PLATE CARRYING HANDLE PRESSURE GAUGE (not found on CO 2 extinguishers) DISCHARGE LEVER DISCHARGE LOCKING PIN AND SEAL

Fire Extinguisher Types Class “A” fires only 2.5 gal. water (up to 1 minute discharge time) Has pressure gauge to allow visual capacity check ft. maximum effective range Can be started and stopped as necessary coolingExtinguishes by cooling burning material below the ignition point. PRESSURIZED WATER

Fire Extinguisher Types (cont.) Class “B” or “C” fires lb. of CO 2 (8-30 seconds discharge time) NOHas NO pressure gauge--capacity verified by weight 3-8 ft. maximum effective range smotheringExtinguishes by smothering burning materials decreasesEffectiveness decreases as temperature of burning material increases. CARBON DIOXIDE (CO 2 )

Fire Extinguisher Types (cont.) Class “A”, “B”, or “C” fires lb. dry chemical (ammonium phosphate) 8-25 seconds discharge time) Has pressure gauge to allow visual capacity check 5-20 ft. maximum effective range smotheringExtinguishes by smothering burning materials. MULTIPURPOSE DRY CHEMICAL

Fire Extinguisher Summary EXTINGUISHER TYPEWORKS BYEFFECTIVE AGAINST PRESSURIZED WATER CARBON DIOXIDE MULTIPURPOSE DRY CHEMICAL COOLING SMOTHERING

Fire Emergency Response R Rescue Alarm Contain Extinguish A C E

Fighting the Fire Pull the pin Aim low at the base of flames Squeeze the handle Sweep side to side P A S S

WARNING!! It is important to understand that most people don’t die from burning but more often from the smoke from a fire. Smoke / Fire will take the oxygen out of the room and cause suffocation.

Fire Life Safety How to prevent fires from occurring: Class A – Ordinary combustibles: Keep storage and working areas free of trash Eliminate excess/unnecessary storage of combustible material Place oily rags in covered containers Class B – Flammable liquids or gases: Don’t refuel gasoline-powered equipment in presence of an open flame such as a furnace or water heater Don’t refuel gasoline-powered equipment while it is hot Keep flammable liquids stored in tightly closed, self- closing, spill-proof containers. Pour from storage drums only what you’ll need. Store flammable liquids away from spark-producing sources. Use flammable liquids only in well-ventilated areas.

Fire Life Safety How to prevent fires from occurring: (cont) Class C – Electrical equipment: Look for old wiring, worn insulation and broken electrical fittings. Report any hazardous conditions to your supervisor. Prevent motors from overheating by keeping them clean and in good working order. A spark from a rough- running motor can ignite the oil and dust in the unit. Utility lights should always have some type of wire guard over them. Heat from an uncovered light bulb can easily ignite ordinary combustibles. Don’t misuse fuses, never install a fuse rated higher than specified for the circuit. Investigate any appliance or electrical equipment that smells strange. Unusual odors can be the first sign of fire. Don’t overload wall outlets. Two outlets should have no more than two plugs.

Why Inmates Start Fires???? Boredem Mental health issues Revenge Grievances Carelessness Diversions

Firefighting Decision Criteria Know department emergency procedures and evacuation routes Know locations of extinguishers in your area and how to use them Always sound the alarm regardless of fire size Avoid smoky conditions Ensure area is evacuated Don’t attempt to fight unless: Alarm is sounded Fire is small and contained You have safe egress route (can be reached without exposure to fire) Available extinguishers are rated for size and type of fire If in doubt, evacuate! “DON’T ATTEMPT TO FIGHT UNLESS YOU ARE TRAINED”

Evacuation Plans Evacuation Plans: Staff and inmates must be aware of the plan. It shall be the responsibility of the Warden/designee to provide a system of fire prevention and control to ensure the safety of employees, inmates, and visitors. Institutions/facilities with major fire fighting equipment shall be responsible for training the employees assigned to operate the equipment. During an emergency, the Warden or highest ranking officer on duty shall have absolute and total authority concerning decisions made affecting the institution/facility.

SNCC Fire On 12 April 2007 at about 4:55PM the following incident occurred at Southern Nevada Correctional Center. Correctional Officer Wazoo was supervising an inmate working in the SNCC maintenance area. Inmate Waxbean was utilizing a hand held grinder which caused metallic sparks to fly across the maintenance building and ignite a fire in the upstairs open storage area.

SNCC Fire

JCC Fire On November at approximately 9:00PM the following incident occurred at Jean Conservation Camp. After drying several loads of laundry, the inmate removed the dried clothing from the dryer. The inmate then placed washed culinary rags and clothing into the hot dryer. The dryer was not turned on and the laundry room was left unattended. Later that evening a fire alarm alerted staff to a fire in the laundry room.

JCC Fire

Summary Combustion Process (Fire Triangle) Class A, B, C, D, K fires Types of portable fire extinguishers: Operating procedures Capabilities and limitations R.A.C.E.Basic firefighting concepts: R.A.C.E. P.A.S.S. P.A.S.S. Fire Safety & Fire Extinguisher Use

Quiz Question 1 Fire extinguisher marked with an A is used on: A) oil fires B) Electrical fires C) paper material fires D) none of the above

Quiz Question 1-Answer C- paper material fires

Quiz Question 2 Fire extinguishers marked with a B can be used on: A) Paper, trash B) Oil or Grease C) Electrical D) Non of the above

Quiz Question 2- Answer B- oil or grease

Quiz addendum How else you can kill a grease fire? A)Smother B)Baking Soda C)A&B

Quiz Addendum-Answer C- A & B Smother or baking soda

Quiz Question 3 Fire extinguisher marked ABC can be used on: A) Wood, Paper B) Electrical C) Liquids and grease D) All of the above

Question 3 - Answer D- All of the above

Quiz Question 4 Fire Extinguishers marked with D are used for A) Combustible chemicals B) Magnesium C) Potassium D) other flammable metals E) all of the above

Question 4- Answer E- All of the above

QUESTIONS ?