CHAPTER 18.1 NOTES Magnets and Magnetism

Important vocabulary Magnet Magnetic Field Magnetic Force Poles Domains

Essential Questions What makes something magnetic? How is the magnetic field of a magnet oriented?

Magnets _______________are any material that attracts iron or materials containing iron. ________ are the part of the magnet where the magnetic effects are the __________. Poles are marked _______ and _______ because if a magnet is free to rotate it will point to the north

Magnetic Forces The force (push or pull) between two magnets is called the _____________. If the poles are the same, the force will _______ them apart ___________. If the poles are different, the force will _____ them together____________

Magnetic Fields- are a lot like electrical fields The __________ around a magnet where the magnetic forces can push or pull materials, is called the ________________. Magnetic fields are strongest at the __________.

Magnetic Fields

1) Magnet, 2)Magnetic field, 3) Magnetic force a) The area around a magnet where forces can push or pull objects b) The push or pull of a magnet c) An object that attracts iron

Where are magnets the strongest? 1 2 3

What makes something magnetic? Moving __________ within the atoms produce magnetic _______ that give the atom a ________ and __________ pole. Normally, these fields cancel each other out except in __________, _________, and ________where the atoms group together in __________. If the ___________line up with most of the north poles and south poles in the same direction, the material becomes ___________.

Domains Domains within most objects Domains within magnetized object.

Making or losing magnets. Magnets can be made out of objects made of iron, cobalt or nickel by _____________________________. Simply rub the object along a magnet in _________ direction so that all the domains point in the __________ direction. You can lose alignment by __________ a magnet or __________it too hard so the domains mix. If you heat up a magnet, the particles ________ and ________ faster then change their alignment.

1) domain, 2) alignment, 3) rubbing a)When objects are in a straight line or arrangement b)One way of creating a magnet c)The north and south poles of individual atoms d)

Cutting a magnet. If you cut a magnet in _______, you end up with _________ separate magnets each with a _________ and _________ pole.

Types of magnets _____________ are made from materials that are easy to magnetize but lose their magnetism easily. ______________ are difficult to magnetize but stay magnetized for longer periods.

1) permanent, 2) temporary 1) Hard to magnetize but hard to lose its magnetism 2) Easy to magnetize but easy to lose its magnetism

Which shows what happens when you cut a magnet in half? 1 2 3

Earth as a Magnet The Earth ___________ making the iron and nickel center build up magnetic __________. These charges move _________ and __________creating a magnetic north and south pole which are close the geographic north and south poles.