Unit Study Myths, Fables, Legends, Fairytales, and Folk Tales.

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Fairy Tales, Myths, Fables, Folktales and Legends

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Unit Study Myths, Fables, Legends, Fairytales, and Folk Tales

Elements of Myths Ancient stories dealing with supernatural beings, heroes, ancestors, or gods Attempts to explain mysteries, supernatural events, and cultural traditions Events are symbolic not intended to be factual Themes: Origin stories, lessons about moral behavior and social values. Noah’s Arc & flood myths 12 Labors of Hercules Achilles' Heel Odysseus and Cyclops Oedipus Rex Creation myths Pandora’s Box Prometheus’ Fire In class reading: Ramayana Examples of Myths

Elements of Fables Short and simple, belongs to the oral tradition of story telling. Protagonist is sometimes an anthropomorphized animal— has human traits and abilities Story is pure fiction but still conveys a moral or lesson Poetic elements include double meaning, and symbolism—the animals reflect human nature A person who writes fables is a fabulist Aesop “Tortoise and the Hare” Beatrix Potter “Peter Rabbit” David Sedaris “Squirrel Seeks Chipmunk” Doctor Seuss George Orwell’s Animal Farm In class reading: Anansi, a famous trickster. Examples of Fables

Amoral figure, does not see right from wrong. Trickster’s key skill is wit and cunning. Sometime the trickster himself is tricked but will still find a way to teach his opponent a lesson. Trickster possesses a balance of opposite traits Omniscient creator and innocent fool Malicious destroyer and childish prankster Physical underdog but clever and savvy Trickster figures include: Anansi - of African origin. Br'er Rabbit - of African American origin. Coyote- of native North America.

Elements of Fairy Tales Pure fiction, fantasy and make believe Doesn’t have to include fairies, but has elements of magic, enchantment, transformation and supernatural beings Theme: good versus evil Once upon a time… happily ever after “Cinderella” “Snow White” Brother’s Grimm Hans Christian Andersen L. Frank Baum Wizard of Oz Examples of Fairy Tales

Elements of Legends Oral tradition, passed down through word of mouth Historical basis, includes some verifiable evidence or facts Exaggerates elements of a real hero or amalgamation of heroes Focuses on the cultural values of a specific people, explains why they believe and act as they do Lost city of Atlantis William Tell shooting the apple with an arrow Robin Hood St. Patrick and St. Valentine In class reading selections King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table Beowulf Examples of Legends

Elements of Folk Tales A story for or about a specific group of people/town or country Historical basis, includes some verifiable facts but is exaggerated Doesn’t have to teach a lesson or moral, the theme can show pride for a particular place or culture Any belief or story passed on traditionally, especially one considered to be false or based on superstition Gravity Hill in Bedford PA Urban Legends Big Foot Johnny Appleseed Paul Bunyan St. Niklaus Examples of Folk Tales