NAME: PABLO LÓPEZ SÁNCHEZ GROUP:B1ºI.C.

PAST SIMPLE PAST CONTINUOUS FORM : Affirmative form: Subject + verb in the past Ex: swim/swam(irregular verb) Play/played(regular verb) Negative form: Did not (didn´t)and the infinitive: Ex :I didn´t play the piano. Interrogative form: Did + subject +infinitive: Ex: Did you play the piano? SPELLING RULES: - Irregular verbs have to be learnt by heart (write-wrote). - Regular verbs form the past adding -ed. The past continuous is formed by the past tense of the verb to be + the present participle. Affirmative form: Was/were + verb-ing. Ex: She was watering the flowers. Negative form: Wasn´t/weren´t + verb-ing. Ex: She wasn´t watering the flowers. Interrogative form: Was/were+ subject + verb-ing? Ex: Was she watering the flowers? SPELLING RULES: - The spelling rules for the verb-ing are the same as in the present continuous chart:

PAST SIMPLE PAST CONTINUOUS SPELLING RULES: Spelling rules for regular verbs: 1. If the verb ends in e, it only adds d. Ex: like/liked. 2. If the verb ends in consonant + y, it changes y for i. But y following a vowel does not change: Ex: cry/cried. Ex: obey/obeyed. 3. If the verb has one syllable, and ends in 1 vowel + 1 consonant different from w or x, it doubles the consonant. Ex: plan/planned. Stop/stopped. 4. Two syllables, ending in 1 vowel + 1 consonant, it doubles the last consonant: Ex: prefer/preferred. Regret / regretted. Prefer and refer have the stress in the second syllable. 5. Two syllables and ending in l : Ex: travel-travelled. Cancel-cancelled. Notice that in Am.E is written traveled. 1. If the verb ends in -e, the letter is lost, but in -y it is kept. Ex: ride- riding; study- studying. 2. If it is of one syllable and ends in 1 vowel+ 1 consonant it doubles the consonant, not in the case of w or x. Ex: run-running ; fit-fitting ; show- showing ; fix-fixing. 3. If the verb is two –syllable, with the stress in the first one and ends in l or p it doubles too. Ex: travel- travelling; kidnap-kidnapping (In AmE traveling). 4. Two syllables and the stress in the last one. Ex: permit-permitting ;begin- beginning. 5. Ending in ie changes to y. Ex: die-dying.

PAST PERFECT SIMPLE FORM :SPELLING RULES: This tense is formed with had and the past participle: Affirmative form: I had gone/ I´d gone. Negative form: I had not gone/ I hadn´t gone. Interrogative form: Had I gone? Negative interrogative form: Had not I gone? Hadn´t I gone? The past participle used for the past perfect simple ends in –ed or –d if it is a regular verb : 1. If the verb ends in e, it only adds d. Ex: like/liked/liked. 2. If the verb ends in consonant + y, it changes y for i. But y following a vowel does not change: Ex: cry/cried/cried. Ex: obey/obeyed/obeyed. 3. If the verb has one syllable, and ends in 1 vowel + 1 consonant different from w or x, it doubles the consonant. Ex: plan/planned/ planned. Stop/stopped/stopped. 4. Two syllables, ending in 1 vowel + 1 consonant, it doubles the last consonant: Ex: prefer/preferred/preferred. Regret / regretted/ regretted. Prefer and refer have the stress in the second syllable. 5. Two syllables and ending in l : travel/travelled/ travelled. Cancel-cancelled- cancelled. Notice that in Am.E is written traveled. - Irregular verbs have to be learnt. Write -written.

PAST SIMPLE PAST CONTINUOUS USE: We use the past simple when we talk about a permanent or long-term situation that existed in the past. It is used for actions completed in the past at definite time. The past simple refers to a completed action. Ex: When I was a child. I played the guitar. When we talk about two or more past completed events that follow each other, we use the past simple for both. The first may have caused the second. Thus, it implies a consecutive event. Ex: She got up when the alarm clock went off. Ex: He saw the burglar and called the police. We also use the past simple when we are talking about repeated actions or events in the past. Ex: We visited London twice last year. Ex: I went past John´s house every day. The Past Simple is used to narrate past events in chronological order. Ex: John left his family home in the morning and moved to the big city. What a busy day it was! He sat and looked at the living room around him. At last the house was his. We use the past continuous to talk about a situation that existed at a particular time in the past. The past continuous is mainly used for past actions which continued for some time but whose exact limits are not known and are not important. The actions are in progress ___________ Ex: At the time of the earthquake, they were staying with their parents. Ex: The rain was rising in New York at When we tell two past actions or events that went on over the same period of time, we can often use the past continuous for both: Ex: Sally was reading to the children while Kevin was washing up. We use the past simple to talk about the completed past event and the past continuous to describe the situation that existed at the time. The completed event might have interrupted the situation, or just occurred while the situation or event was in progress. Ex: Susan dropped her bag while she was getting into the car. When we talk about a situation that was temporary in the past, we can use the past continuous. Ex: I was working in a factory during the summer of 2010 to pay my debts. The past continuous can be used for ongoing actions in narrative. It creates something like a snapshot of a particular time. Ex: A man was coming into the room, small flies were moving between the tables, people were doing their best to hide their disappointment.

PAST PERFECT SIMPLE USE AND TIME EXPRESSIONS: TIME EXPRESSIONS: 1. We use the past perfect to talk about a past situation or activity that took place before another past situation or activity, or before a particular time in the past: Ex: Paul discovered that Mary had lied to him.  past __  ____________________________  ______________________ _____  ____ Mary lied Paul discovered Now 2. We use the past simple rather than the past perfect when we simply talk about single activity or event in the past: Ex: Sorry we are late, we took the wrong way. We sometime use a time expression for ( e. g. after, as soon as, before, by the time that, when) to say that one event happened after another, we use either the past simple or past perfect for the event that happened first and the past simple for the event that happened second. Ex: After Paul had finished reading, he put out the light. Ex: After Paul finished reading, he put out the light. With already and just we use the past perfect, not the past simple. Ex : The film had already begun by the time we got to the cinema. Notice that the past perfect is the past equivalent of the present perfect,so we can use the same adverbs as in the present perfect or present perfect continuous(already, just, yet, since, for).

PAST SIMPLE PAST CONTINUOUS TIME EXPRESSIONS: Adverbs that indicate the past: Yesterday, last week(year), three weeks ago, in 2009, etc. After when we normally place past simple, though not always. THE END This tense is normally used with a time expression which can be regarded as points in time or periods such as last night, in the afternoon, at 6.00 yesterday… After while or as we normally place past continuous tense.