Chest and Abdomen

The Thoracic Cage (Rib Cage) Rib Cage-12 PAIRS OF RIBS True Ribs (1-7) False Ribs (8-10) Floating Ribs (11 & 12) Sternum Costal Cartilage Thoracic Vertebrae

Number the page 1-6 & fill in blanks (start from the top)

Structures of Respiration Upper Respiratory Tract Nasal cavity Pharynx Larynx Lower Respiratory Tract Trachea Bronchial tree

Respiratory Pathway 1. Nasal cavity The internal portion of the nose; it warms, filters, and moistens the air we breathe 2. Oral cavity The mouth; another place where breathing can take place 3. Pharynx The throat; extends from the nasal cavity to the larynx and serves as a passageway for both digestive & respiratory systems 4. Larynx Enlargement at the top of the trachea; passageway for air & houses the vocal cords

Respiratory Pathway 5. Trachea Rigid tube that connects larynx to the bronchial tree; passageway for air & filters air 6. Bronchial Tree Branched tubes that lead from trachea to alveoli; filters air 7. Lungs Soft cone-shaped organs that occupy most of the thoracic cavity; contain air passages, alveoli & blood vessels. Gas exchange occurs in the alveoli of the lungs

Respiratory System Function Supply oxygen (O2) to the cells of the body Eliminate Carbon Dioxide (CO2) from the body

Upper Respiratory Tract: Nasal Cavity Nasal Conchae Warms the air Nasal Cilia Filters the air Nasal mucus Moistens the air

Upper Respiratory Tract: Pharynx The throat Extends from the nasal cavity to the larynx Serves as a passageway for both digestive & respiratory systems

Upper Respiratory Tract: Larynx Enlargement at the top of the trachea Passageway for air Houses the vocal cords

Lower Respiratory Tract: Trachea Rigid tube that connects larynx to the bronchial tree Passageway for air Filters air

Lower Respiratory Tract: Bronchial Tree Branched tubes that lead from trachea to alveoli Filters air

How does the respiratory system filter the air we breath? Mucus membranes help trap debris & carry it out of body Cilia filters out dust & other particles Expelled through coughing, blowing nose, or sneezing Swallowing

Visceral & Parietal Pleura Visceral pleura covers the lungs Parietal pleura lines the thoracic wall

Pleural Cavity Contains a small amount of pleural fluid which has 3 main functions: Lubrication Reducing heat build-up Create surface tension to cause lung to remain against the thoracic wall

Mechanics of Respiration Change in thoracic volume Move the ribs Move the diaphragm Air flows from high to low pressure Difference of pressure in the air vs. the alveoli

Mechanics of Respiration: Change in Thoracic Volume

Inspiration Ribs elevate Diaphragm moves down (contracts) Thoracic cavity enlarges Air is pulled into lungs

The Thoracic Cage Movement: Inspiration

Expiration Ribs move down Diaphragm moves up (relaxes) Thoracic cavity gets smaller Air is pushed out of lungs

The Thoracic Cage Movement: Expiration

LUNG MODEL http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JFUu-pn7Qtg Label the 4 parts of the model, and 3 parts that we can’t see. Then answer the questions.

Organs of the abdominal cavity Stomach-major organ of digestion located in upper left quadrant Small Intestine- final absorbed food happens here, undigested food moves on to the large intestine.

Organs of the abdominal cavity Liver- largest organ in the abdominal cavity, upper right quadrant, basically a large filter for products of digestion from the small intestine Kidney- one on either side of the upper quadrants, they filter things and send them to the bladder.

Disorders and Injuries Asthma Kidney Contusion Rib Contusion Liver Contusion Rib Fracture Spleen Injury Chest Contusion Hernia Myocardial Contusion/Aortic Rupture Sudden Death Syndrome in Athletes Pneumothorax Hempneumothorax Plumonary Contusions Blow to Solar Plexus Hyperventilation Side Stitch