Workshop IST Ambiente 2012 – Oceanos 29 de Novembro 2012 As Zonas Costeiras e Mares Europeus O que nos dizem hoje sobre o amanhã Constança Belchior, AAE

The European Environment Agency - EEA

EU Marine & Coastal Facts and Figures – EEA Marine/Coastal specific or relevant assessments to date The European environment – state and outlook 2010 State of Coasts (2006, early 2013) European waters - assessment of status and pressures (2012) European waters - assessment of status and pressures (2012) Climate change, impacts and vulnerability in Europe 2012 Climate change, impacts and vulnerability in Europe 2012 Protected areas in Europe - an overview 2012 Others: 10 messages on biodiversity (2010) Others: 10 messages on biodiversity (2010) Environmental Indicator Report (2012) 3

Setting the scene: One Earth – one system... Jackson et al Science 293: Need an integrated approach and systems thinking to meet this challenge

A coupled socio-ecological system......which asks for a wider ecosystem assessment framework

The Marine Strategy Framework Directive – An ecosystem based approach to management Marine Strategy Framework Directive (2008/56/EC) – MSFD establishes a framework for community action in the field of marine environmental policy within which Member States… shall take the necessary measures to achieve or maintain good environmental status (GES) in the marine environment by the year 2020 at the latest.  Marine strategies shall apply an ecosystem-based approach to the management of human activities, ensuring that the collective pressure of such activities is kept within levels compatible with the achievement of good environmental status and that the capacity of marine ecosystems to respond to human-induced changes is not compromised, while enabling the sustainable use of marine goods and services by present and future generations  Regional cooperation and coherence (4 regions and 8 sub-regions)

7/33 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6D7 D8 D9 D10 D11 VSEBINE ZA OPIS MORSKEGA OKOLJA MSFDDESCRIPTORS UNDERWA TER NOISE BIODIVERSITY D1 ALIEN SPECIES D2 COMM. FISH D3 FOODWEBS D4 EUTROPH. D5 SEAFLOOR INT. D6 HYDRO GRAPHIC D7 MARINE ENV. POLLUTION D8 SEAFOOD POLLUTION D9 MARINE LITTER D10

MSFD - implementation European Commission Seas for life - Protected - sustainable - shared European seas by DG Environment, Brussels

MSFD – Initial Assessment concept European Commission Approach to reporting for the Marine Strategy Framework Directive. DG Environment, Brussels. pp26.

MSFD – Initial Assessment and linkages to Descriptors, GES and Environmental targets European Commission Approach to reporting for the Marine Strategy Framework Directive. DG Environment, Brussels. pp26.

Challenges & Needs - Main drivers from an EU perspective MSFD implementation & operationalization (state, pressure and impact assessment, setting targets, monitoring and implementing measures) MSFD integration in a wider context:  Maritime (Integrated Maritime Policy, Blue Growth, MN2020)  Environment (EU 2020 Biodiversity Strategy; new 7th EAP)  Research (Towards Horizon 2020)

Challenges & Needs MSFD implementation & operationalization Tapping into existing scientific knowledge – Research is already on- going or taking off in many areas to better understand our seas ec.europa.eu/environment/marine/research/index_en.htm. Pull together a knowledge base and connect science to policy (e.g. STAGES project). ec.europa.eu/environment/marine/research/index_en.htm New and/or applied knowledge to help define, assess and achieve GES and support MSFD implementation Strengthening regional cooperation & collaboration: Governance (neighbour countries and Regional Sea Conventions) & Shared Objectives (efficiency; integrated monitoring) & Knowledge Exchange Aggregation across geographic scales and comparison of results

Challenges & Needs – MSFD implementation & operationalization Draft map Oct 2012 MSFD regionalities: similar issues, different solutions ?

Challenges & Needs - MSFD in the wider maritime and environmental context Improve access to reliable, relevant, targeted and timely data & information → distributed systems such as EMODnet; user tailored products from existing data (e.g. GMES and MyOcean) → Green paper on Marine Knowledge 2020 (Marine data and observation forGreen paper on Marine Knowledge 2020 smart and sustainable growth) - from seabed mapping to ocean forecasting Need smart solutions for assessments and decision-making, keeping scientific soundness - assumptions and uncertainties transparent Tools e.g. indicators to address linkages within and between components in the wider coupled socio-ecological system

Maritime industries - Our future is Blue...

...but how do we keep it Green at the same time? Source: ODEMM project

Assessing cumulative pressures and impacts - e.g. a spatial approach Source: HARMONY project 28 ecosystem components Cumulative human impacts Nutrients Cables Shipping Harbour porpoise Aphotic mud Cod 33 pressure layers

Natura 2000 sites - offshore Marine Natura 2000 sites Securing Ecosystem Resilience MSFD (and EU 2020 Biodiversity Strategy) call for a ecological coherent and representative Marine Protected Areas network % marine waters covered by N2000 (2011) 2010

Final challenge – Learning in the 21st century Harold Jarche – internetalliance.com