Chapters 1-3
The Brain History of Psych Nervous System Biology and Behavior Research Methods
Coordinates fine muscle movement, balance
What is the Cerebellum
“Master gland” that regulates other endocrine glands
Pituitary Gland
Function of the frontal lobes
Movement; Control Systems
Part of the brain that is important for language production (speaking)
Broca’s Area
Methods of studying the brain
Lesioning, Electrical Stimulation, Brain Imaging, and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
The founder of Psychology
Who is Wilhelm Wundt
Major schools of thought in Psychology
Structuralism and Functionalism
Founder of Behaviorism
John B. Watson
Attempts to explain personality, motivation, and mental disorders by focusing on unconscious determinants of behavior
Psychoanalytic Theory
Seven unifying themes of Psychology
Empirical, Theoretically Diverse, Evolves in a sociohistorical context, behavior is determined by multiple causes, shaped by cultural heritage
Individual cells in the nervous system that receive, integrate, and transmit information
Neuron
Difference between the central and peripheral nervous systems
central is the brain and spinal cord and peripheral is made up of all the nerves that lie outside the brain and spinal cord
Occurs when sodium gates in the membrane of a neuron open, permitting sodium ions to flow into the axon
Action potential
Steps of a synaptic transmission
Synthesis and storage, Release, Binding, Inactivation and removal, and Reuptake
Major components of a neuron
Soma, Dendrites, Axon, Myelin sheath, and Terminal buttons
The ability of the brain to reorganize and compensate for brain damage
Plasticity
Connects the two hemispheres and pass information between them
Corpus Callosum
What are the major neurotransmitters
Acetylcholine, Dopamine, Norepinephrine, Serotonin, and Endorphins
Consists of a group of brain structures which are involved in emotional expression, memory, and motivation
Limbic System
Receives sensory inputs from the right side of the body, controls right side movements, language function, analytical and logical, math and sciences
Left Cerebral Hemisphere
Making unobtrusive observations in natural settings
Naturalistic Observation
In an experiment, the variable which is assumed to influence a subject’s behavior and which is manipulated
Independent Variable
The gathering of information about attitudes, beliefs, experiences, or behavior through the use of interviews and/or questionnaires
Survey research
Methods of Science
Descriptive Research Methods, Experimental Method, Correlational Method
If deception is used, then subjects must be debriefed as soon as possible after the study
True