AGE OF REVOLUTION THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

DRILL: COLLECTED FRIDAY What is the purpose of this chart/What is it telling you?

INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION Turning point in world history Urbanization and mechanization of the world People move to cities to get jobs Factory growth: complex machines that run on steam power as opposed to horse or man power Starts in Great Britain and spreads to countries like Denmark, Germany, Belgium, America, etc.

CAUSES Things you need in order to have an industrial revolution 1. Agricultural Advancements : Invention of the seed drill and fertilizer  Gave farmers ability to grow food faster and better  More food available = less time working/growing 2. Geography: Great Britain has natural resources from Scotland, England, & Ireland that allow them to create industrial revolutionary needs  Water: Navigable rivers to transport  Natural Harbors: Many ports & ability for ships to trade

MORE CAUSES 3. Capital/Money : Money to build infrastructure/factories 3.Technology & Energy:  Scientists and engineers who are educated  Coal to run machines

EFFECTS Positive : Mass production of goods (textiles, clothes, goods) More access for middle and lower classes Supply & Demand : The more you produce, the lower the price vs.

EFFECTS Negative: Laissez faire : “Hands off” Government cannot interfere with businesses. Must let them run on their own New Social Class Structure: way society is set up informally Elite (Control big business) Upper Middle Class (Doctors, Lawyers, Scholars) Lower Middle Class (Teachers, shop owners, office workers, etc.) Working Class (Peasants of old) – Small farmers & Factory Workers

WORKING CONDITIONS Laissez faire = No government to ensure that workers are working in safe environments or being paid fairly Many industrial accidents Child Labor

Working Conditions 6 days a week 16 hours a day Child workers Many diseases, such as lung cancer Large, heavy equipment to manage

GROWTH OF LABOR/TRADE UNIONS Gave a voice to the workers Wanted better working conditions and pay Organized strikes

URBANIZATION Major result of the Industrial Revolution was more people moving into the city Problems : Pollution Need for Sewer Systems Where will people live? Demand for Police/Firefighters/Hospitals

CAPITALISM Economic system that allows for private ownership and competition between buyers and sellers to determine prices in the marketplace Monopoly: Own more property & make more money than other players, eventually driving them to bankruptcy Rollercoaster Tycoon : Maximize profits & keep customers happy

GROWTH OF COMMUNISM Karl Marx : envisioned a stateless, classless, equal society “Workers of the world unite. You have nothing to lose but your chains” Needs to be a redistribution of goods Class = Conflict When small percentage owns majority of wealth, always going to be an issue. Need a government that puts hands down and makes things more equal

Communism The Good No leader People govern directly Low unemployment Equal incomes Free health care The Bad No incentive to work harder No incentive to innovate or come up with new ideas No competition (Keeps quality poor) Corrupt Leaders Little individual freedom CAPITALISM VS. COMMUNISM

GROWTH OF IMPERIALISM The more industrialization, the more materials needed Need for imperialism (economic control of smaller nations through use of force) by creating a need for raw materials and new markets

IMPERIALISM

CLOSURE Industrial Revolution: Made it easier to produce clothing Women & children were exploited by capitalists Working conditions were extremely dangerous in the new factories