Unit 3 – Expansion and Governmental Reform U4 MYP Title: Which Way Should We GO? Unit Question: Why is Power Important Concept Statement: The Culture with Power controls the nature of the Exchange Key Concept: Global Interaction Section 2: Federalist against Democratic-Republican Major Historical Figures – Sec 2 1.John Adams – First vice-president of the United States & 2 nd president of the United States (Federalist) 2.Thomas Jefferson – Leader of the Democratic Republican Party (Wrote the “Declaration of Independence”), Vice-President for President John Adams, developed “States Rights Theory” 3.James Madison – (Father of the “Constitution”) left the Federalist Party to help lead the Democratic Republican party, developed “States Rights Theory”

Unit 3 – Expansion and Governmental Reform U4 Section 2: Federalist against Democratic-Republicans Maps For Unit 3- World Map

Unit 3 – Expansion and Governmental Reform U4 Section 2: Federalist against Democratic-Republicans Maps For Unit 1- East Coast of America

Unit 3 – Expansion and Governmental Reform U4 Section 2: Federalist against Democratic-Republicans Section Question: As an American Citizen in 1800 would you have voted for Thomas Jefferson or John Adams for President? Have two strong fact about your choice and two reasons why those facts would make your choice a better president.

Unit 3 – Expansion and Governmental Reform U4 Section 2: Federalist against Democratic-Republicans Review Federalist & Democratic-Republicans(Sec 1)

Unit 3 – Expansion and Governmental Reform U4 Section 2: Federalist against Democratic-Republicans Why is it bad to have the Executive Branch split between two parties ? The election of 1797 Had John Adams a (Federalist) run against Thomas Jefferson a (Democratic-Republic) John Adams won based on his popularity as Washington’s Vice President Thomas Jefferson lost and became the Vice President following the rules in the “Constitution” Their different political beliefs made it impossible for them to work together and support each other The split between President and Vice- President weakened the power and effectiveness of the Executive Branch (Enforces the Laws)

Unit 3 – Expansion and Governmental Reform U4 Section 2: Federalist against Democratic-Republicans What was the XYZ Affair? France’s new government, angered that the US didn’t support the French Revolution and France in their war against England, (Even though the D-R wanted to) attacked US shipping To show their anger at the “Jay’s Treaty” France captured over 300 US merchant ships American Diplomats in France, trying to avoid a war were met by three French agents (Spies) who demanded that the US pay France $12 million dollars to leave US shipping alone 2.The US called the three Agents; X, Y, and Z, and refused to pay them anything 3.Instead the US committed itself to building a strong navy to protect itself

Unit 3 – Expansion and Governmental Reform U4 Section 1: George Washington’s Years in Office What was the XYZ Affair? How did the fighting between parties lead to the Alien and Sedition Acts? Americans were angry about the demand for money and French attacks, the Federalist used this to make the D-R look bad because they had supported the French The Democratic-Republic party, led by Vice President Jefferson, attacked the Federalist in return claiming that they were preparing to go to war with France The D-R continued to support France in its war against England This gained the D-R a lot of votes from French immigrants and Irish immigrants (who hated the English) To counter the D-R’s growing power the Federalist passed the “Alien & Sedition Acts of 1798”

Unit 3 – Expansion and Governmental Reform U4 Section 2: Federalist against Democratic-Republicans How did the fighting between parties lead to the Alien and Sedition Acts? The “Alien Act” made a new citizen wait fourteen years to vote. It allowed the US president to kick immigrants out of the country he view as dangerous to the country– this was used to keep immigrants from voting D-R

Unit 3 – Expansion and Governmental Reform U4 Section 2: Federalist against Democratic-Republicans How did the fighting between parties lead to the Alien and Sedition Acts? The “Sedition Act” allowed the Government (Federalist) to lock up any one that criticized them – They jailed D-R newspaper printers and backers Both laws are major violations of the “Bill of Rights” Checks and Balances failed because the Federalist controlled all three branches of Gov. – Just like George Washington claimed would happen in his “Farwell Speech”

Unit 3 – Expansion and Governmental Reform U4 Section 2: Federalist against Democratic-Republicans How did the Democratic-Republicans respond to the Alien and Sedition Acts ? Thomas Jefferson and James Madison got Virginia and Kentucky to pass new state laws based on the “10 Amendment” that negated the “Alien and Sedition Acts” in those states Called “State’s Rights Theory” the law said a state didn’t have to enforce unconstitutional laws created by Congress While this law worked well at blocking the “Alien and Sedition Acts” it also allowed Southern States to refuse to enforce laws that restricted the growth and spread of slavery leading up to the Civil War Napoleon took complete control of France and made peace with the US, this stopped some of the fighting between the two parties

Unit 3 – Expansion and Governmental Reform U4 Section 2: Federalist against Democratic-Republicans Who was involved in the Presidential election of 1800? How did both sides use propaganda to smear the other side in the election? The Election of 1800 was an ugly one between John Adams (Federalist) and Thomas Jefferson (D-R) Federalist claimed the D-R were Non- religious radicals that would ruin the country and let the lower class take over like in France They said the D-R’s support of France against England in their war proved this They also complained about the D-R’s support of immigrant voting rights (particularly Catholics)

Unit 3 – Expansion and Governmental Reform U4 Section 2: Federalist against Democratic-Republicans How did both sides use propaganda to smear the other side in the election? The Gerry-Mander 1812 They called Jefferson the “Fire Breathing Salamander” attempting to make him seem like Satan The D-R said the Federalist had become tyrants – caring more about political party power that the “Constitution” or citizens’ Natural Rights They claimed the “Alien and Sedition Acts” violated the “Bill of Rights” They claimed President John Adams was trying to be like the King of England

Unit 3 – Expansion and Governmental Reform U4 Section 2: Federalist against Democratic-Republicans " A Peep into the Antifederal Club," circa 1793 Shows the Republicans as "crazy anarchists" and "devil worshippers" Jefferson is standing in the center with his arms open