Geology Unit 4 Test

1. Which layer of the Earth is divided into plates? (6.E.2.1) a. Mantle b. Crust c. Inner core d. Outer core

2. What are Earth’s three main layers? (6.E.2.1) a. core, mantle, and surface b. core, mantle, and crust c. inner core, outer core, and mantle d. lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere

3. Which of the following statements about the Earth’s inner core is true? (6.E.2.1) a. It’s mostly made of iron. b. It’s mostly made of nickel. c. It’s mostly made of cadmium. d. It’s mostly made of magnesium.

4. Which is the basic composition of Earth’s core? (6.E.2.1) a. The solid inner core is surrounded by a liquid outer core. b. The liquid inner core is surrounded by a solid outer core. c. Both the inner core and the outer core are solid. d. Both the inner core and the outer core are liquid.

5. The theory that explains how the large blocks of the Earth’s outermost layer move and change shape is called (6.E.2.1): a. Plate Tectonics. b. Convergent Boundary. c. Pangaea. d. Lithosphere.

6. Tectonic plates are (6.E.2.1): a. the theory of how continents drift apart. b. blocks of lithosphere that move on top of the mantle. c. blocks of iron taken from the Earth’s core. d. one large landmass.

7. The _______ is the hard outer layer of the Earth that includes the crust and upper mantle. (6.E.2.1) a. asthenosphere b. atmosphere c. lithosphere d. troposphere

8. Roger poured water over a pile of sand. Some of the sand washed away. This process is similar to which of the following? (6.E.2.3) a. The eruption of a volcano b. The erosion of the walls of a canyon c. The uplifting of mountain ranges d. The forming of dunes or mounds in a desert

9. Which soil horizon usually contains humus? (6.E.2.3) a. B horizon b. A horizon c. C horizon d. E horizon

True and False: Mark “A” for True and “B” for False. 10. Minerals and rocks are made of elements. (6.E.2.3)

11. Erosion is the process of carrying sediment from one place to another. (6.E.2.3)

12. There are three types of rocks: Igneous, Mesosphere, and Sedimentary. (6.E.2.3)

Three funnels were filled with equal volumes of pebbles, fine sand, and coarse sand, as shown in the diagram below. The same amount of water was poured into each funnel. 13. Which correctly lists the order in which the water passed through the funnels, from fastest to slowest? (6.E.2.3) a. Pebbles, fine sand, coarse sand b. Pebbles, coarse sand, fine sand c. Fine sand, coarse sand, pebbles d. Coarse sand, pebbles, fine sand

14. The picture below shows how a type of rock forms at the bottom of the ocean. What type of rock is this? (6.E.2.3) a. Lava b. Igneous c. Sedimentary d. Metamorphic

Label the correct layers of the Earth. (6.E.2.1) a. continental crust b. inner core c. mantle d. oceanic crust e. outer core

20. Which best summarizes the composition of the surface of the Earth? (6.E.2.1) a. Three-fourths of Earth’s surface is land. b. One-fourth of Earth’s surface is water. c. Earth’s surface contains more land than water. d. Earth’s surface contains more water than land. Composition of the Surface of the Earth

21. – 24. Label the process of how the rocks are being transformed with the correct area. (6.E.2.3) a. Heat and pressure b. Weathering and erosion c. Cooling and hardening d. Compaction and cementation