Cell Structure and Function Donald Winslow, St. Gregory’s University 20 January 2014 Sources: Mader, Sylvia 2011. Inquiry into Life, 13 th ed., McGraw-Hill,

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Cell Structure and Function

Advertisements

Section 3: Cell Organelles

KEY CONCEPT Eukaryotic cells share many similarities.

Cell Structure and Parts. Cell Similarities Cells come in many different shapes and sizes and perform a wide variety of functions but they all have the.

1 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Human Biology Sylvia S. Mader Michael Windelspecht Chapter.

Cell Structure Chapter 4. 2 Cell Theory Cells were discovered in 1665 by Robert Hooke. Early studies of cells were conducted by - Mathias Schleiden (1838)

Cell Organelles What you need to know.

CELL STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS

Cell Structure and Function. w The discovery and the basic theory of cells. w Cell size and number. w The two major kinds of cells. w Plant cells and.

Chapter 7 Section 2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure

A view of the eukaryotic cell: Elaborately compartmentalized systems *Generalized animal cell *Generalized plant cell.

Cell and Their Organelles

Cells Bio 1 Mr. Hellmer.

Properties of Prokaryotic Cell

Functions (Jobs) of Organelles (Parts of the Cell) Ms. Ryan/Ms. Nugent.

Chapter 7: Cell Structure and Function

Overview of Cells Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes The Cell Organelles The Endosymbiotic Theory.

Organisms Are made of Organ Systems. Organ Systems.

Introduction to Animal Cells

Cell Biology Organelles. Cell/Plasma Membrane Cell(Plasma) Membrane (1)  Phospholipid bilayer  Means that it has two layers  Phospho = phophate.

Cell Structure & Function

Organisms Are made of Organ Systems.

Objectives: 4(A) Compare and contrast prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. 4(B) Investigate and explain cellular processes, including homeostasis, energy.

The Cell. Plant Cells Cell Wall  The Cell Wall Gives the Plant Cell most of its support and structure.

Cell Organelles Use this presentation in conjunction with the Cell Organelle note-taking worksheet. Run through the entire presentation before using it.

2.02 Structure and Function of Cells Cells are the basic unit of structure for all living things.

AP Review Chapter 7-8.

HOW WELL DO YOU KNOW THE CELL?. NUCLEUS Contains DNA – genetic material of the cell 2 membranes surrounding it, the envelope/membrane Controls all of.

Eukaryotic Cell Structures & Functions An Organelle Is: A minute structure within a plant or animal cell that has a particular job or function.

Eukaryotic Cell Organelles Structures and Functions.

Cell Structure & Function Part 1

Cell types & cell theory

A view of the cell: plasma membrane *All cells are membrane bound, possess ribosomes and contain DNA Red blood cell outside of cell inside of cell Hydrophobic.

Living Things and Cells Structures that make things be “alive”

Cell Organelles Found in Plant and Animal Cells Cell membrane Nucleus Nucleolus Mitochonria Ribosomes Lysosomes Endoplasmic reticulum Golgi Body Cilia.

Bellwork  What is one similarity between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? 1.

Prokaryotes - Single celled organisms - No membrane bound organelles - ex: no nucleus or mitochondria - Free floating DNA - Bacteria are prokaryotic.

Cell Structure and Function. The “Discovery” of the Cell Robert Hooke – first to see and identify cork “cells.” 7-1.

Cell Theory 1. All living things are made of cells. 2. Cells are produced from other cells. 3. Cells are the basic units of structure and function for.

7.2 Cell Structure Cytoplasm = portion of the cell outside the nucleus – found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells Organelles “little organs”

Structure of cell organelles CC.9 Name and describe the structure and function of the major organelles.

Unit 2 Lesson 3 Cell Structure and Function

Go to Section: The Cell Theory  All living things are composed of cells.  Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things.  New.

1.What are the two parts of a solution? 2.What percentage must those two parts always add up to? 3.What is a concentration gradient? 4.What is.

Cell Structure October 23, Common Cell Structures Outer covering called cell membrane and internal gelatinlike cytoplasm 1. comparing cells- size.

Cell Structure & Function

 The Cell Part 1. Prokaryotic Cells  Prokaryotic cell:  One celled organisms  Lack membrane bound nucleus and organelles  Contains  Cytoplasm 

Cell Theory Robert Hooke observed compartments in a thin slice of cork. He named them cells.

3.2 Cell Organelles Topic: Cell Organelles Objective: Identify the functions of the major cell organelles.

Cell Structure and Function. Life is Cellular Since the 1600s, scientists have made many discoveries about the cells of living things. Cell Theory: –

Two cell types Prokaryotes -simple Pro=before kary=nucleus NO nucleus No membrane-bound organelles Small in size Usually unicellular organisms (bacteria)

Cells All living things are made up of cells. They are the basic units of structure and function in all living things.

CELL ORGANELLES. Cell Wall  Cell wall is strong and is made cellulose wall outside the plasma membrane of plant cells. The cell wall locate in Plant,

Cell Structure and Function Chapter 7. Cell Theory  All living things are made of cells.  Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.

+ Cells Review (Chapter 3). + What are the 3 components of cell theory? Cells come from cells Cells are the basic unit of life All living things are composed.

Cell Structure and Function Chapter 7

Review of Organelles.

Introduction to Cell Biology. A. Early Microscopy and Cell Discovery prior to about 1650, cells were not known to exist. Anton Von Leeuwenhoek Saw “animacules”

UNIT A: Cell Biology Chapter 2: The Molecules of Cells Chapter 3: Cell Structure and Function: Section 3.2 Chapter 4: DNA Structure and Gene Expression.

Cell Membranes By Emily and Everrah. Diagram and electron micrograph.

Chapter 7 Deeper Into the Cell. Review of previous notes:

Chapter 4 part C. Figure 4.22a The Eukaryotic Cell.

Parts of the Cell Week of January 24th.

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

10T2K© Cell Parts.

Review– Parts of a cell. What am I? 1 1.

Note Taking – Eukaryotic Cells

Presentation transcript:

Cell Structure and Function Donald Winslow, St. Gregory’s University 20 January 2014 Sources: Mader, Sylvia Inquiry into Life, 13 th ed., McGraw-Hill, NY. Alberts, et al Molecular Biology of the Cell, 5 th ed., Garland, NY.

Objectives List organelles found in most cells. Describe structure & function of these organelles. Give examples of cells where particular types of organelles are abundant. Describe structure & function of cell membranes. Contrast cell membranes & cell walls. Explain membrane transport processes.

Organelles in an endothelial cell

Nucleus Envelope (2 membranes) Functions in DNA replication & RNA synthesis Most eukaryotic cells have one nucleus. Syncytial eukaryotic cells have multiple nuclei. Prokaryotic cells do not have nuclei.

Mitochondria & chloroplasts Mitochondria  Inner membrane & outer membrane  Function in cellular respiration  Especially abundant in muscle cells Chloroplasts  Inner membrane & outer membrane  Function in photosynthesis  Especially abundant in leaf cells

Endoplasmic reticulum One membrane surrounding lumen Lipid bilayer synthesis, transport to membranes Rough endoplasmic reticulum (with ribosomes)  Proteins imported into ER as they are made Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Ribosomes No membranes 2 subunits composed of protein & RNA Protein synthesis from info in messenger RNA Especially abundant in cells that secrete proteins

Lysosomes & peroxisomes Lysosomes  One membrane  Intracellular digestion Peroxisomes  One membrane  Oxidation of toxins by peroxide  Especially abundant in protective tissues

Golgi apparatus Stack of membrane-bound “pancakes” Staging area for ER products

Vesicular transport Transport vesicle

Cell membranes Phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins Hydrophobic & hydrophilic ends of phospholipids Hold cytoplasm in cell, flexible shape Selective transport of materials across membranes Physical & physiological mechanisms

Cell membrane

Physical transport mechanisms Diffusion Osmosis

Physiological transport mechanisms Facilitated diffusion Active transport Bulk transport Phagocytosis Pinocytosis

Cell walls Found in plants, fungi, bacteria, archaea Made of carbohydrates Rigid